Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.
Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.
Gerontologist. 2020 Jan 24;60(1):135-144. doi: 10.1093/geront/gnz031.
Nursing home residents have a need for activities that are meaningful, yet mandated scheduled activities remain poorly characterized. In order to understand how scheduled activities provide meaning for nursing home residents, we conducted a study of daily life in a nursing home with a robust activities program.
This 2-year, longitudinal ethnographic study embedded an ethnographer into the activities department of a 430-bed, not-for-profit, faith-based nursing home. Forty-three interviews and more than 250 hr of participant-observation were conducted, with a focus on creative arts and religious activities. Thirty-two residents and 15 activities staff were followed more than 12-23 months. Data were coded concurrently, and emerging themes challenged through purposive recruitment until thematic saturation was reached.
Scheduled activities in the nursing home offered opportunities for learning and personal growth regardless of functional or cognitive disability. Three major themes emerged. Artistic development included new self-identification as a musician, painter, or sculptor through arts programming. Intellectual and spiritual growth involved the use of activities to support ongoing practice and study. Reciprocity occurred as residents used the arts to remain contributing members of their institutional society, reciprocating with the institution that housed them.
Nursing home scheduled activities can facilitate the transformation of identity from resident or patient to the normalized social roles of artist, Torah scholar, and productive member of society.
养老院居民需要有意义的活动，但规定的日程活动仍然描述得很差。为了了解日程活动如何为养老院居民提供意义，我们对一个拥有强大活动计划的养老院的日常生活进行了研究。
这项为期两年的纵向民族志研究将一名民族志学者嵌入到一家拥有 430 张床位的非营利性、基于信仰的养老院的活动部门。进行了 43 次访谈和 250 多个小时的参与观察，重点是创意艺术和宗教活动。32 名居民和 15 名活动工作人员的随访时间超过 12-23 个月。数据同时进行编码，通过有目的的招募来挑战新出现的主题，直到达到主题饱和。
养老院的日程活动提供了学习和个人成长的机会，无论其功能或认知能力如何。出现了三个主要主题。艺术发展包括通过艺术项目将自己重新定位为音乐家、画家或雕塑家。智力和精神成长涉及利用活动来支持正在进行的实践和学习。互惠是居民利用艺术保持其机构社会的贡献成员身份，与容纳他们的机构互惠。
养老院的日程活动可以促进身份从居民或患者转变为艺术家、托拉学者和社会生产性成员的正常社会角色。
