Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande Sul - Campus Feliz, Rua Princesa Isabel, 60, Feliz, RS, 95770-000, Brazil.
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande Sul, Demat, Av. Osvaldo Aranha, 99/711, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-190, Brazil.
J Environ Manage. 2019 Aug 15;244:161-171. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.05.038. Epub 2019 May 20.
The use of waste glass as a raw material for whitewares is a subject that has been investigated for many years. This residue could be used in whitewares formulations as a fluxing agent for partial or total substitution of one of the natural raw materials, commonly alkaline feldspar and brings the opportunity to improve sustainability. The majority of the studies in this field are related to the production of porcelain tile, but there are also investigations about hard porcelain and sanitarywares. As a general result, the reviewed articles show that waste glass reduces the firing temperature of whitewares, and alters some properties, such as phase crystallization, microstructure, and mechanical strength. In addition, the presence of waste glass also changes some processing properties which have not been adequately highlighted yet. The present article presents a review of the waste glass in its composition and uses in whitewares formulations, as well as its influence on formulation dosage, milling parameters, conformation and firing processes, besides the alterations on mechanical strength, toughness, resistance to deep abrasion and thermal expansion coefficient. Based on the findings, indications are provided to determine the ideal amount of waste glass in a formulation, which may be related to the desired properties. The key findings are that waste glass can replace feldspar with technical and environmental advantages: reaching the desired properties required for commercial whitewares, with lower firing temperature, but with a few adjustments in the processing.
将废玻璃用作白色制品的原料已经被研究了很多年。这种废料可以在白色制品配方中用作助熔剂，部分或全部替代常见的天然原料碱性长石，从而带来提高可持续性的机会。该领域的大多数研究都与瓷砖的生产有关，但也有关于硬质瓷器和卫生洁具的研究。总的来说，回顾的文章表明，废玻璃降低了白色制品的烧成温度，并改变了一些性能，如相结晶、微观结构和机械强度。此外，废玻璃的存在还改变了一些尚未得到充分强调的加工性能。本文综述了废玻璃在白色制品配方中的组成和用途，以及其对配方剂量、研磨参数、成型和烧成过程的影响，以及对机械强度、韧性、抗深磨损性和热膨胀系数的改变。基于这些发现，提供了一些指示，以确定配方中废玻璃的理想用量，这可能与所需的性能有关。主要发现是，废玻璃可以用技术和环境优势替代长石：达到商业白色制品所需的理想性能，烧成温度更低，但在加工方面需要进行一些调整。
