Suppr超能文献

湿木白蚁若虫龄期的减少:等级分化途径中的异时性转变

Reduction of a nymphal instar in a dampwood termite: heterochronic shift in the caste differentiation pathways.

作者信息

Nii Ryotaro, Oguchi Kohei, Shinji Junpei, Koshikawa Shigeyuki, Miura Toru

机构信息

1Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810 Japan.

2Misaki Marine Biological Station, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Miura, Kanagawa 238-0225 Japan.

出版信息

Evodevo. 2019 May 16;10:10. doi: 10.1186/s13227-019-0123-8. eCollection 2019.

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Generally in termites, alates differentiate through multiple nymphal instars which gradually develop wing buds. However, in a dampwood termite, , alates molt directly from a single nymphal instar with short wing buds. In this study, to examine the mechanism underlying the wing formation during the alate differentiation in , histological and morphological observations were carried out on the developmental process of wing formation during the nymphal instar, in comparison with those in , which has two nymphal instars. Furthermore, the expression patterns of genes that are thought to be responsible for wing formation, i.e., wing-patterning genes and genes encoding hormone-related factors, were quantified during alate differentiation and compared between the two species.

RESULTS

The results showed that, in , wings were formed in a complicatedly folded shape, not only inside the wing buds as seen in , but also under the dorsal thoracic cuticle, where the wing tips shifted toward the median thoracic part. Accordingly, the wing expansion pattern also differed from that in . Furthermore, the results of real-time qRT-PCR on overall expression profiles of wing-patterning genes and hormone-related genes suggest that the single nymphal instar in well resembles to the second nymphal instar in . In particular, significant upregulation of () and downregulation of (-) that were observed at the second nymphal instar in apparently occurred during the single nymphal instar in .

CONCLUSION

The developmental events for wing formation are compacted into a single nymphal instar in , and as a result, the unique wing formation is seen to compensate for the spatial restriction inside small wing buds, leading to the completion of functional wings.

摘要

背景

一般来说,白蚁中的有翅成虫通过多个若虫龄期进行分化,这些若虫逐渐发育出翅芽。然而,在一种湿木白蚁中,有翅成虫直接从具有短翅芽的单个若虫龄期蜕皮。在本研究中,为了研究湿木白蚁有翅成虫分化过程中翅形成的潜在机制,对若虫龄期翅形成的发育过程进行了组织学和形态学观察,并与具有两个若虫龄期的白蚁进行了比较。此外,在有翅成虫分化过程中,对被认为与翅形成有关的基因,即翅模式基因和编码激素相关因子的基因的表达模式进行了定量,并在两个物种之间进行了比较。

结果

结果表明,在湿木白蚁中,翅膀以复杂的折叠形状形成,不仅如在另一种白蚁中所见在翅芽内部形成,而且在胸背角质层下方形成,翅尖向胸中部移动。因此,翅的扩展模式也与另一种白蚁不同。此外,对翅模式基因和激素相关基因整体表达谱的实时定量逆转录聚合酶链反应结果表明,湿木白蚁的单个若虫龄期与另一种白蚁的第二个若虫龄期非常相似。特别是,在另一种白蚁的第二个若虫龄期观察到的显著上调(基因名称未给出)和下调(基因名称未给出)在湿木白蚁的单个若虫龄期显然也会出现。

结论

在湿木白蚁中,翅形成的发育事件被压缩到单个若虫龄期,因此,可以看到独特的翅形成方式是为了补偿小翅芽内部的空间限制,从而形成功能完整的翅膀。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1c5b/6521406/292b741b9b4d/13227_2019_123_Fig1_HTML.jpg

文献AI研究员

20分钟写一篇综述,助力文献阅读效率提升50倍。

立即体验

用中文搜PubMed

大模型驱动的PubMed中文搜索引擎

马上搜索

文档翻译

学术文献翻译模型,支持多种主流文档格式。

立即体验