Distributions and characteristics of initial PSA and PSA velocity in Chinese men aged 50 years and younger without prostate cancer: a multi-center study.

PURPOSE

To analyze the distributions and characteristics of initial prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and PSA velocity in Chinese men aged 50 years and younger without prostate cancer.

METHODS

The initial PSA test of men aged 50 years and younger, taken from January 2008 to December 2018 in two medical centers, was retrospectively analyzed. Cases with prostate cancer were excluded. The distributions of initial PSA and PSA velocity, and the correlations between these two values were estimated. Kaplan-Meier and log-rank test were used to estimate significant difference on the risk of PSA≥2.5 ng/mL after initial PSA measurement, stratified by median initial PSA (0.6 ng/mL).

RESULTS

A total of 9461 men with non-prostate cancer were included in this study. The median initial PSA value was 0.7 ng/mL. A total of 853 men had their PSA measured two times or more and the median PSA velocity was 0.026 ng·mL-1·yr-1. There was no two-two direct correlation between initial PSA testing age, initial PSA, and PSA velocity. After a follow-up of up to 10 years from the baseline PSA test, the risk of PSA ≥ 2.5 ng/mL, stratified by median initial PSA (0.7 ng/mL), was significantly different (log-rank test, p<0.001).

CONCLUSION

More than 25% of the men aged ≤ 50 years should have regularly PSA screening based on current guidelines. However, the subsequent risk of being diagnosed with prostate cancer in these men is unknown. Men aged 50 years and younger with an initial PSA higher than the median (0.7 ng/mL) have a subsequent higher risk of abnormal PSA value.