Animal Production Research Institute, Sakha Station, 33717 Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt.
Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516, Egypt.
J Therm Biol. 2019 May;82:157-163. doi: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2019.04.016. Epub 2019 Apr 23.
The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of Moringa oleifera (MO) on the performance, antioxidative status, and immune related gene expression in broilers raised under normal or heat stress conditions. Broiler chickens were distributed into 4 groups and fed diets with dietary MO at 0% or 5% (MO0 or MO5) and raised under ambient temperature 22 ± 1 °C (N) or 35±1 °C (HS). HS conditions negatively affected the weight gain and FCR, while feeding MO exhibited beneficial effects especially under HS conditions. Triglycerides, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) levels were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in chickens raised in HS conditions and fed the basal diet than those in normal condition and fed with or without MO, while MO decreased triglycerides and total cholesterol levels in normal and HS conditions. Blood high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) was significantly decreased in broilers raised in HS conditions and fed diets without MO, while MO increased HDL level. Blood glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) was significantly (P < 0.05) decreased in broilers raised in HS conditions and fed the basal diet without MO. mRNA expression of GSH-Px was significantly (P < 0.05) downregulated in broilers raised in HS conditions and fed diets without MO. Broilers under normal or HS conditions and fed the basal diet exhibited significantly (P < 0.05) downregulated mRNA expressions of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) compared to chickens under normal conditions and fed MO. Liver and muscle thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARs) were significantly (P < 0.05) increased in broilers under HS conditions and fed diet without MO. The expressions of interleukins (IL2 and IL6) were significantly (P < 0.05) downregulated in broilers under normal or HS conditions and fed diets without MO. To sum up, HS conditions depressed the performance, antioxidative status, and immune related gene expression in broilers, while MO obviously alleviated these negative effects in broilers.
本研究旨在评估辣木（Moringa oleifera，MO）对正常或热应激条件下饲养的肉鸡生产性能、抗氧化状态和免疫相关基因表达的影响。肉鸡分为 4 组，分别饲喂 0%或 5%（MO0 或 MO5）MO 的日粮，并在环境温度为 22±1°C（N）或 35±1°C（HS）下饲养。HS 条件显著降低了肉鸡的增重和饲料转化率（FCR），而添加 MO 表现出有益效果，特别是在 HS 条件下。在 HS 条件下饲养并饲喂基础日粮的肉鸡的甘油三酯、总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL）水平显著高于在正常条件下饲养并饲喂 MO0 或 MO5 日粮的肉鸡，而 MO 降低了正常和 HS 条件下的甘油三酯和总胆固醇水平。HS 条件下饲养并饲喂无 MO 的日粮的肉鸡的血液高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL）显著降低，而 MO 增加了 HDL 水平。在 HS 条件下饲养并饲喂基础日粮无 MO 的肉鸡的血液谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）显著降低（P<0.05）。在 HS 条件下饲养并饲喂无 MO 的日粮的肉鸡的 GSH-Px 基因的 mRNA 表达显著下调（P<0.05）。与正常条件下饲喂 MO 的肉鸡相比，在正常或 HS 条件下饲养并饲喂基础日粮的肉鸡的超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）基因的 mRNA 表达显著下调（P<0.05）。在 HS 条件下饲养并饲喂无 MO 的日粮的肉鸡的肝脏和肌肉的硫代巴比妥酸反应物（TBARs）显著增加（P<0.05）。在正常或 HS 条件下饲养并饲喂无 MO 的日粮的肉鸡的白细胞介素（IL2 和 IL6）的表达显著下调（P<0.05）。总之，HS 条件降低了肉鸡的生产性能、抗氧化状态和免疫相关基因表达，而 MO 明显缓解了肉鸡的这些负面影响。
