German Environment Agency (UBA), WHO Collaborating Centre for Research on Drinking Water Hygiene, Schichauweg 58, 12307, Berlin, Germany.
National Institute for Public Health and The Environment (RIVM), WHO Collaborating Centre for Risk Assessment of Pathogens in Food and Water, Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, 3721, MA, Bilthoven, Netherlands.
Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2019 Jun;222(5):744-755. doi: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2019.05.007. Epub 2019 May 22.
In recent years, the water safety plan approach has been extended towards climate-resilient water safety planning. This happened in response to increasing insight into impacts of climate on drinking-water and required adaptation to anticipated climate change. Literature was reviewed for published guidance and case examples, documenting how to consider climate in water safety planning to support future uptake. Climate-resilient water safety plans were piloted within a project in the water supplies of Addis Ababa and Adama, Ethiopia. Case examples have been published in four of six WHO regions with a focus on urban supplies. Integration of climate aspects focused mostly on the steps of establishing the team, system description, hazard analysis and risk assessment, improvement planning and development of management procedures. While the traditional framework focuses on drinking-water quality, considering climate change augments aspects of water quantity. Therefore, other factors affecting water quantity such as population development and demand of other sectors need to be considered as well. Local climate information and tools should be employed as a significant success factor for future uptake. Such information should be incorporated as it becomes available, and may - depending on the setting - be incrementally integrated into existing water safety plans or used to develop new ones.
近年来，水安全规划方法已经扩展到了具有气候韧性的水安全规划。这是为了应对人们对气候对饮用水影响的认识不断加深，以及适应预期气候变化的需要。本文回顾了已发表的指导意见和案例，记录了如何在水安全规划中考虑气候因素，以支持未来的采用。在埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴和阿达玛的供水项目中进行了具有气候韧性的水安全规划试点。在六个世界卫生组织区域中的四个区域都发布了案例，重点是城市供水。气候方面的整合主要集中在团队组建、系统描述、危害分析和风险评估、改进规划和管理程序制定这几个步骤上。虽然传统框架侧重于饮用水质量，但考虑气候变化会增加水量方面的内容。因此，还需要考虑影响水量的其他因素，如人口发展和其他部门的需求。当地气候信息和工具应作为未来采用的重要成功因素。在具备可用的本地气候信息时，应将其纳入规划之中，并且可能（取决于具体情况）将其逐步纳入现有的水安全规划中，或用于开发新的水安全规划。
