Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
The Institute of Molecular Genetics of Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France.
Acta Biomater. 2019 Aug;94:82-96. doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.05.043. Epub 2019 May 24.
The expression of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) on antigen presenting cells, especially dendritic cells, offers several sensitive mediators to trigger an adaptive immune response, which potentially can be exploited to detect and eliminate pathogenic objects. Consequently, numerous agonists that target TLRs are being used clinically either alone or in combination with other therapies to strengthen the immune system in the battle against cancer. This review summarizes the roles of TLRs in tumor biology, and focuses on relevant TLR-dependent antitumor pathways and the conjugation of TLR agonists as adjuvants to nano- and micro-particles for boosting responses leading to cancer suppression and eradication. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which express on antigen presenting cells, such as dendritic cells and macrophages, play an important role in sensing pathogenic agents and inducing adaptive immunity. As a result, several TLR agonists have been investigating as therapeutic agents individually or in combination with other treatment modalities for cancer treatment through boosting the immune system. This review aims to focus on the roles of TLRs in cancer and TLR-dependent antitumor pathways as well as the use of different nano- or micro-particles bearing TLR agonists for tumor inhibition and elimination.
Toll 样受体 (TLRs) 在抗原提呈细胞（尤其是树突状细胞）上的表达提供了几种敏感的介质来触发适应性免疫反应，这可能被利用来检测和消除致病物体。因此，许多针对 TLR 的激动剂被单独或与其他疗法联合用于临床，以增强免疫系统对抗癌症的能力。本综述总结了 TLR 在肿瘤生物学中的作用，重点介绍了相关的 TLR 依赖性抗肿瘤途径以及 TLR 激动剂与纳米和微颗粒的结合，以增强导致癌症抑制和消除的反应。
TLRs（表达于抗原提呈细胞，如树突状细胞和巨噬细胞）在感知病原体和诱导适应性免疫方面发挥着重要作用。因此，已经有几种 TLR 激动剂被作为治疗剂进行研究，单独或与其他治疗方式联合用于癌症治疗，通过增强免疫系统。本综述旨在重点关注 TLR 在癌症中的作用以及 TLR 依赖性抗肿瘤途径，以及使用携带 TLR 激动剂的不同纳米或微颗粒来抑制和消除肿瘤。
