Department of Psychology,Pennsylvania State University, University Park,PA,USA.
Department of Human Development and Family Studies,Pennsylvania State University, University Park,PA,USA.
Dev Psychopathol. 2019 Aug;31(3):1191-1201. doi: 10.1017/S0954579419000695. Epub 2019 May 27.
In this article we adopt the view that emotion dysregulation is characterized by emotion regulation dynamics that are defined as dysfunctional based on contextual criteria. We regard the construct of emotion regulation as valuable because it permits the integration of the classic view of emotions as interfering with human functioning and contemporary views of emotion as adaptive and beneficial. To define patterns that reflect emotion dysregulation, we explain our views of emotion as a dynamic process, and emotion regulation as the bidirectional interplay between emotions and actions/thoughts (extrinsic factors) and the contextual factors that constitute the criteria for that interplay reflecting dysregulation. This conceptualization of emotion regulation and dysregulation leads to methods for studying the intrinsic dynamics of emotion, extrinsic factors that change the intrinsic dynamics of emotion, and how emotion regulation changes over time at multiple time scales. We then apply this thinking to several emotion dysregulation patterns. Emotion regulation is a complex construct, embracing emotion as regulator and as regulated, as self- and other-regulated, and as incorporating both top-down and bottom-up regulatory processes. We highlight an emerging line of research on the development of emotion regulation in early childhood and indicate how this work can inform understanding of emotion dysregulation and the emergence of psychopathology.
在本文中，我们采用这样一种观点，即情绪失调的特征是情绪调节动态，根据情境标准，这些动态被定义为功能失调。我们认为情绪调节的结构是有价值的，因为它允许将情绪的经典观点（即情绪干扰人类功能）与情绪的当代观点（即情绪是适应性和有益的）整合在一起。为了定义反映情绪失调的模式，我们解释了我们对情绪作为一个动态过程的看法，以及情绪调节作为情绪与行动/思想（外在因素）之间的双向相互作用，以及构成反映失调的相互作用标准的情境因素。这种情绪调节和失调的概念化导致了研究情绪内在动态、改变情绪内在动态的外在因素以及情绪调节如何随时间在多个时间尺度上变化的方法。然后，我们将这种思维应用于几种情绪失调模式。情绪调节是一个复杂的结构，它将情绪作为调节者和被调节者、自我调节者和他人调节者，以及同时包含自上而下和自下而上的调节过程。我们强调了关于儿童早期情绪调节发展的新兴研究领域，并指出这项工作如何为理解情绪失调和精神病理学的出现提供信息。
