Department of Medical Neuroscience and Brain Repair Centre, Life Science Research Institute, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
MRC Centre of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, UK.
Dev Dyn. 2019 Jul;248(7):506-513. doi: 10.1002/dvdy.64. Epub 2019 Jun 10.
The cerebellum coordinates vestibular input into the hindbrain to control balance and movement, and its anatomical complexity is increasingly viewed as a high-throughput processing center for sensory and cognitive functions. Cerebellum development however is relatively simple, and arises from a specialized structure in the anterior hindbrain called the rhombic lip, which along with the ventricular zone of the rostral-most dorsal hindbrain region, give rise to the distinct cell types that constitute the cerebellum. Granule cells, being the most numerous cell types, arise from the rhombic lip and form a dense and distinct layer of the cerebellar cortex. In this short review, we describe the various strategies used by amniotes and anamniotes to generate and diversify granule cell types during cerebellar development.
小脑将前庭输入协调到后脑以控制平衡和运动，其解剖结构的复杂性使其逐渐被视为感觉和认知功能的高通量处理中心。然而，小脑的发育相对简单，它起源于前后脑的一个特殊结构，称为菱唇，它与最前端的背部后脑区域的脑室区一起，产生构成小脑的不同细胞类型。颗粒细胞是数量最多的细胞类型，它们起源于菱唇，并形成小脑皮质中密集而独特的一层。在这篇简短的综述中，我们描述了羊膜动物和无羊膜动物在小脑发育过程中产生和多样化颗粒细胞类型的各种策略。
