Department of Agricultural Sciences, Universidade Regional do Alto Uruguai e das Missões, URI Erechim, Erechim, Brazil.
Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil.
Environ Technol. 2021 Jan;42(1):126-133. doi: 10.1080/09593330.2019.1624834. Epub 2019 Jun 4.
Poultry processing plants generate large amounts of wastewater in the many steps necessary to provide high quality and safe products. Carcass chilling is one of these steps, where the temperature of the carcass is reduced from 40°C to 4°C, for reducing the growth rate of microorganisms and affecting flavour, texture and appearance. In this operation, carcasses are continually displaced through a series of two tanks (called pre-chiller and chiller) filled with cold water, thus being responsible for a considerable amount of wastewater generation. This work aimed to regenerate the wastewater of the pre-chiller tank employing microfiltration (pore size 0.10 and 0.20 µm) and ultrafiltration (UF; MWCO 10 and 50 kDa) polymeric membranes in bench and pilot scales, with the final purpose of reuse. Membrane performance was evaluated in terms of the capacity of removing the contaminants and producing sufficient permeate flux in different working pressures. Bench-scale UF membrane presented the highest initial permeate flux of 112.1 L/mh at 200 kPa. The four membranes tested presented good retention of microorganisms, with apparent rejection of up to 100%. Pilot-scale membranes presented better apparent rejection, with retentions above 99% for turbidity, apparent colour and fat content. Moreover, organic matter retention was also very high, up to 94% for chemical oxygen demand and 92% for total organic carbon. The use of membranes seems to be a promising approach for recycling and reuse of poultry pre-chiller wastewater.
家禽加工厂在提供高质量和安全产品的许多步骤中会产生大量废水。胴体冷却就是其中的一个步骤，在此过程中，胴体的温度从 40°C 降低到 4°C，以降低微生物的生长速度，并影响风味、质地和外观。在此操作中，胴体不断地通过一系列两个水箱（称为预冷却器和冷却器）进行位移，水箱中装满了冷水，因此会产生大量的废水。本工作旨在通过微孔过滤（孔径为 0.10 和 0.20 μm）和超滤（MWCO 为 10 和 50 kDa）聚合物膜在实验和中试规模上再生预冷却器水箱的废水，最终目的是再利用。通过在不同工作压力下评估去除污染物和产生足够渗透通量的能力来评估膜性能。中试规模的 UF 膜在 200 kPa 时具有最高的初始渗透通量 112.1 L/mh。测试的四种膜对微生物的保留性能良好，表观截留率高达 100%。中试规模的膜表现出更好的表观截留率，浊度、表观颜色和脂肪含量的截留率均高于 99%。此外，有机物的保留率也非常高，化学需氧量（COD）的保留率高达 94%，总有机碳（TOC）的保留率高达 92%。膜的使用似乎是回收和再利用家禽预冷却器废水的一种很有前途的方法。
