Department of Anatomical Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2019 Aug;177(1):17-27. doi: 10.1007/s10549-019-05272-2. Epub 2019 May 27.
Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast is often regarded as a non-obligate precursor to invasive breast carcinoma but current diagnostic tools are unable to accurately predict the invasive potential of DCIS. Infiltration of immune cells into the tumour and its microenvironment is often an early event at the site of tumourigenesis. These immune infiltrates may be potential predictive and/or prognostic biomarkers for DCIS. This review aims to discuss recent findings pertaining to the potential prognostic significance of immune infiltrates as well as their evaluation in DCIS.
A literature search on PubMed was conducted up to 28th January 2019. Search terms used were "DCIS", "ductal carcinoma in situ", "immune", "immunology", "TIL", "TIL assessment", and "tumour-infiltrating lymphocyte". Search filters for "Most Recent" and "English" were applied. Information from published papers related to the research topic were synthesised and summarised for this review.
Studies have revealed that immune infiltrates play a role in the biology and microenvironment of DCIS, as well as treatment response. There is currently no consensus on the evaluation of TILs in DCIS for clinical application.
This review highlights the recent findings on the potential influence and prognostic value of immunological processes on DCIS progression, as well as the evaluation of TILs in DCIS. Further characterisation of the immune milieu of DCIS is recommended to better understand the immune response in DCIS progression and recurrence.
乳腺导管原位癌（DCIS）通常被认为是浸润性乳腺癌的非强制性前体，但目前的诊断工具无法准确预测 DCIS 的浸润潜能。免疫细胞浸润肿瘤及其微环境通常是肿瘤发生部位的早期事件。这些免疫浸润物可能是 DCIS 的潜在预测和/或预后生物标志物。本综述旨在讨论免疫浸润物作为 DCIS 潜在预后标志物的最新发现及其评估。
对截至 2019 年 1 月 28 日在 PubMed 上进行了文献检索。使用的检索词为“DCIS”、“导管原位癌”、“免疫”、“免疫学”、“TIL”、“TIL 评估”和“肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞”。应用了“最新”和“英语”搜索过滤器。综合和总结了与研究主题相关的已发表论文中的信息，用于本综述。
研究表明，免疫浸润物在 DCIS 的生物学和微环境以及治疗反应中发挥作用。目前，对于 TIL 在 DCIS 中的评估尚未达成共识，无法用于临床应用。
本综述强调了最近发现的免疫过程对 DCIS 进展的潜在影响和预后价值，以及 TIL 在 DCIS 中的评估。建议进一步描述 DCIS 的免疫微环境，以更好地了解 DCIS 进展和复发中的免疫反应。
