面部扁平度指数：在正畸学中的应用。
Facial flatness indices: application in orthodontics.
作者信息
Chalala Chimène, Saadeh Maria, Ayoub Fouad
机构信息
Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Lebanese University and American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
Department of Forensic Odontology, Anthropology and Human Identification, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.
出版信息
PeerJ. 2019 May 16;7:e6889. doi: 10.7717/peerj.6889. eCollection 2019.
UNLABELLED
Facial flatness indices have been used in anthropology to discern differences among populations. They were evaluated on skulls from around the world.
AIMS
(1) to evaluate the use of facial flatness indices in orthodontics and (2) to assess their variation among malocclusions, age and sex.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 322 cone beam computed tomography radiographs were digitized and three facial indices (frontal, simotic and zygomaxillary) along with three transverse distances (fmo1-fmo2, zma1-zma2 and n1-n2) were assessed and compared between different groups.
RESULTS
The zygomaxillary index was increased in Class II (32.6 ± 0.42; < 0.001) and decreased in Class III malocclusions (29.4 ± 0.66; < 0.001) compared to Class I (31.18 ± 0.3; < 0.001). The frontal and nasal flatness are not characteristic features of any of the sagittal malocclusions. Facial flatness indices did not differ between males and females and between growing and non-growing patients.
CONCLUSION
The position of subspinale point (A point) forward or backward relative to the zygomaxillary width is a factor of assessment of facial flatness. The zygomaxillary index could be helpful in weighting proportionally the width of the maxilla (expansion) relative to its sagittal position in Class II and Class III malocclusions.
未标注
面部扁平指数已被用于人类学中以辨别不同人群之间的差异。它们在来自世界各地的头骨上进行了评估。
目的
（1）评估面部扁平指数在正畸学中的应用，以及（2）评估它们在错牙合畸形、年龄和性别之间的差异。
材料与方法
总共322张锥形束计算机断层扫描（CBCT）影像被数字化，并且评估了三个面部指数（额部、鼻颌部和颧上颌部）以及三个横向距离（fmo1 - fmo2、zma1 - zma2和n1 - n2），并在不同组之间进行比较。
结果
与安氏I类错牙合（31.18 ± 0.3；< 0.001）相比，安氏II类错牙合中颧上颌指数增加（32.6 ± 0.42；< 0.001），安氏III类错牙合中该指数降低（29.4 ± 0.66；< 0.001）。额部和鼻部扁平度并非任何矢状向错牙合畸形的特征性表现。面部扁平指数在男性和女性之间以及生长发育期和非生长发育期患者之间没有差异。
结论
脊柱前点（A点）相对于颧上颌宽度的前后位置是评估面部扁平度的一个因素。颧上颌指数有助于按比例权衡上颌宽度（扩弓）相对于其在安氏II类和III类错牙合畸形矢状位置的关系。
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