Jayasree B, Stalin P
Department of Community Medicine, Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences, Puducherry, India.
J Educ Health Promot. 2019 May 14;8:92. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_247_18. eCollection 2019.
Lifestyle modifications play a major role in controlling blood glucose levels among diabetes mellitus for the prevention of its complications. Mobile phones can be used as an efficient tool for improving the healthy lifestyle through health education.
The aim of the study is to measure the efficacy of behavior change communication using mobile calls in controlling blood sugar levels, increasing medication adherence, healthy diet, and physical activity among diabetic patients.
A randomized controlled trial was conducted in an urban area of Pondicherry between 50 (25 per arm) type 2 diabetes patients.
All participants were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) was measured. Single-time health education was given to both groups. The intervention group received a mobile phone calls reminders thrice weekly for 2 months. Changes in FBG, diet, physical activities, and adherence to medications were assessed after 2 months.
Means and proportions were calculated. Chi-square test and paired -test were used to calculate the value.
FBG increased significantly in the control group by 25.6 mg/dl ( = 0.03), whereas it was only 6.5 mg/dl in the intervention group ( = 0.56). Adherence to medications was increased significantly in both interventions (+21%) and control (+19%) groups. Number of fruits intake days per week (+1, = 0.01) and fruits serving per day (+0.5, = 0.00) have increased significantly in the intervention group. Recreational physical activity was increased in the intervention group but not statistically significant.
Our study findings suggest that mobile phone calls might help to improve glycemic control. It also suggests that it could improve the adherence to medications and intake of fruits. In the future, studies with large sample size and longer intervention need to be conducted.
生活方式的改变在控制糖尿病患者血糖水平以预防并发症方面起着重要作用。手机可作为通过健康教育改善健康生活方式的有效工具。
本研究旨在衡量通过手机通话进行行为改变沟通对控制糖尿病患者血糖水平、提高药物依从性、促进健康饮食和体育活动的效果。
在本地治里的一个市区对50名2型糖尿病患者（每组25名）进行了一项随机对照试验。
所有参与者均通过结构化问卷进行访谈。测量空腹血糖（FBG）。两组均接受了单次健康教育。干预组每周收到三次手机通话提醒，持续2个月。2个月后评估FBG、饮食、体育活动和药物依从性的变化。
计算均值和比例。使用卡方检验和配对检验计算P值。
对照组的FBG显著升高了25.6mg/dl（P = 0.03），而干预组仅升高了6.5mg/dl（P = 0.56）。干预组（+21%）和对照组（+19%）的药物依从性均显著提高。干预组每周摄入水果的天数（增加1天，P = 0.01）和每天摄入水果的份数（增加0.5份，P = 0.00）均显著增加。干预组的娱乐性体育活动有所增加，但无统计学意义。
我们的研究结果表明，手机通话可能有助于改善血糖控制。还表明它可以提高药物依从性和水果摄入量。未来，需要进行大样本量和更长干预时间的研究。
