Zacharin Margaret
Department of Endocrinology, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2020;261:507-538. doi: 10.1007/164_2019_208.
During puberty, with activation of the hypothalamic pituitary axis that has been quiescent since the neonatal period, linear growth accelerates, secondary sexual characteristics develop, and adult fertility potential and bone mass are achieved, together with psychosocial and emotional maturation.Disordered pubertal onset and progress, either early or late, presents frequently for endocrine care. Where a disorder is found, due either to a central hypothalamic pituitary cause or to primary gonadal failure, pharmacotherapeutic interventions are required to alter the trajectory of disturbed pubertal onset or progress and for maintenance of adolescent and adult sex hormone status. This paper describes pharmacologic interventions used for pubertal disorders but is not intended to address the diagnostic cascade in detail.
在青春期，自新生儿期以来一直处于静止状态的下丘脑 - 垂体轴被激活，线性生长加速，第二性征发育，成年生育潜能和骨量得以实现，同时心理社会和情感也趋于成熟。青春期开始和进展紊乱，无论是过早还是过晚，都经常需要内分泌治疗。如果发现紊乱是由下丘脑 - 垂体中枢原因或原发性性腺功能衰竭引起的，就需要药物治疗干预来改变青春期开始或进展紊乱的轨迹，并维持青少年和成年期的性激素状态。本文描述了用于青春期疾病的药物治疗干预，但无意详细阐述诊断流程。
