Macut Djuro, Mladenović Violeta, Bjekić-Macut Jelica, Livadas Sarantis, Stanojlović Olivera, Hrnčić Dragan, Rašić-Marković Aleksandra, Milutinović Danijela Vojnović, Andrić Zoran
Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Clinical Center Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.
Curr Hypertens Rev. 2020;16(1):55-60. doi: 10.2174/1573402115666190531071422.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disease in women during reproductive age. It was shown that PCOS women are with high risk for dyslipidemia, glucose intolerance, type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. These factors are considered to represent traditional risk factors for the occurrence of cardiovascular disease. Observed increased risk for hypertension in PCOS women seems to be associated with insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia. Both conditions interfere with the endothelium-dependent vasodilatation mechanisms causing vascular muscle wall hypertrophy. Obesity and insulin resistance are considered key factors for the alteration of blood pressure in PCOS women. Higher cardiovascular risk is implicated in PCOS with aging and its consequent association with both systolic and diastolic blood pressure. The elements of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) have an impact on endothelial dysfunction as a marker of cardiovascular damage that could be modified is women with PCOS. Androgens and components of RAAS are involved in the process of atherogenesis in PCOS women. Therefore, it is hypothesized that spironolactone treatment could ameliorate endothelial dysfunction in PCOS women. Recently it was shown that telmisartan, angiotensin II receptor antagonist poses insulinsensitizing capacity to activate PPAR gamma and mediate favorable metabolic and reproductive effects in hypertensive PCOS women.
多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)是育龄期女性常见的内分泌疾病。研究表明,PCOS女性患血脂异常、糖耐量异常、2型糖尿病和代谢综合征的风险较高。这些因素被认为是心血管疾病发生的传统危险因素。观察到PCOS女性患高血压的风险增加似乎与胰岛素抵抗和高胰岛素血症有关。这两种情况都会干扰内皮依赖性血管舒张机制,导致血管肌肉壁肥厚。肥胖和胰岛素抵抗被认为是PCOS女性血压改变的关键因素。随着年龄增长,PCOS患者心血管风险更高,且与收缩压和舒张压均相关。肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统(RAAS)的成分对内皮功能障碍有影响,而内皮功能障碍是心血管损伤的标志物,在PCOS女性中这种损伤是可以改善的。雄激素和RAAS的成分参与了PCOS女性的动脉粥样硬化形成过程。因此,推测螺内酯治疗可改善PCOS女性的内皮功能障碍。最近有研究表明,血管紧张素II受体拮抗剂替米沙坦具有胰岛素增敏能力,可激活PPARγ,并在高血压PCOS女性中介导良好的代谢和生殖效应。