肉瘤和其他间质肿瘤中的周细胞。

Pericytes in Sarcomas and Other Mesenchymal Tumors.

机构信息

Division of Surgical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

出版信息

Adv Exp Med Biol. 2019;1147:109-124. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-16908-4_4.

DOI:10.1007/978-3-030-16908-4_4

PMID:31147874

Abstract

Tumors of mesenchymal origin are a diverse group, with >130 distinct entities currently recognized by the World Health Organization. A subset of mesenchymal tumors grow or invade in a perivascular fashion, and their potential relationship to pericytes is a matter of ongoing interest. In fact, multiple intersections exist between pericytes and tumors of mesenchymal origin. First, pericytes are the likely cell of origin for a group of mesenchymal tumors with a common perivascular growth pattern. These primarily benign tumors grow in a perivascular fashion and diffusely express canonical pericyte markers such as CD146, smooth muscle actin (SMA), platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFR-β), and RGS5. These benign tumors include glomus tumor, myopericytoma, angioleiomyoma, and myofibroma. Second and as suggested by animal models, pericytes may give rise to malignant sarcomas. This is not a suggestion that all sarcomas within a certain subtype arise from pericytes, but that genetic modifications within a pericyte cell type may give rise to sarcomas. Third, mesenchymal tumors that are likely not a pericyte derivative co-opt pericyte markers in certain contexts. These include the PEComa family of tumors and liposarcoma. Fourth and finally, as "guardians" that enwrap the microvasculature, nonneoplastic pericytes may be important in sarcoma disease progression.

摘要

间充质来源的肿瘤是一组多样化的肿瘤，目前世界卫生组织（WHO）已确认超过 130 种不同的实体肿瘤。一部分间充质肿瘤呈血管周围生长或侵袭方式生长，其与周细胞的潜在关系是当前研究的热点。事实上，周细胞与间充质来源的肿瘤之间存在多个交叉点。首先，周细胞可能是一群具有共同血管周围生长模式的间充质肿瘤的起源细胞。这些主要为良性肿瘤呈血管周围方式生长，并弥漫性表达经典的周细胞标志物，如 CD146、平滑肌肌动蛋白（SMA）、血小板衍生生长因子受体β（PDGFR-β）和 RGS5。这些良性肿瘤包括血管球瘤、肌周细胞瘤、血管平滑肌脂肪瘤和肌纤维瘤。其次，正如动物模型所提示的那样，周细胞可能起源于恶性肉瘤。这并不是说某种亚型内的所有肉瘤都起源于周细胞，而是说周细胞类型内的遗传改变可能导致肉瘤的发生。第三，某些情况下，不太可能是周细胞衍生的间充质肿瘤也会共同表达周细胞标志物。这些包括上皮样血管平滑肌脂肪瘤（PEComa）家族肿瘤和脂肪肉瘤。第四，作为包裹微血管的“守护者”，非肿瘤性周细胞可能在肉瘤的疾病进展中起着重要作用。