脂质摄入可增强肌肉生长，但对 3 周龄低出生体重新生仔猪的葡萄糖动力学无影响。
Lipid Intake Enhances Muscle Growth But Does Not Influence Glucose Kinetics in 3-Week-Old Low-Birth-Weight Neonatal Pigs.
机构信息
Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA.
Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD.
出版信息
J Nutr. 2019 Jun 1;149(6):933-941. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxz030.
BACKGROUND
Low-birth-weight (LBWT) neonates grow at a slower rate than their normal-birth-weight (NBWT) counterparts and may develop hypoglycemia postnatally.
OBJECTIVE
We investigated whether dietary lipid supplementation would enhance growth and improve glucose production in LBWT neonatal pigs.
METHODS
Twelve 3-d-old NBWT (1.606 kg) crossbred pigs were matched to 12 LBWT (1.260 kg) same-sex littermates. At 6 d of age, 6 pigs in each group were fed a low-energy (LE) or a high-energy (HE) isonitrogenous formula containing 5.2% and 7.3% fat, respectively. Body composition was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; plasma glucose and glycerol kinetics were assessed using stable isotope tracers. After killing, weights of skeletal muscles and visceral organs were measured. Data were analyzed by ANOVA for a 2 × 2 factorial design; temporal effects were investigated using repeated-measures analysis.
RESULTS
Lipid supplementation did not affect body weight of LBWT or NBWT pigs. However, liver and longissimus dorsi weights as a percentage of body weight were greater for pigs fed an HE diet than for those fed an LE diet (4.3% compared with 3.4% and 1.5% compared with 1.2%, respectively) but remained less for LBWT than for NBWT pigs (3.8% compared with 3.9% and 1.3% compared with 1.5%, respectively) (P < 0.05). In addition, hepatic fat content increased (7.9 compared with 2.6 g) in pigs fed the HE compared with those fed the LE formula (P < 0.05). Lipid supplementation did not influence plasma glucose concentration which remained lower in the LBWT than in the NBWT group (4.1 compared with 4.5 mmol/L) (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
Our data suggest that lipid supplementation modestly improved growth of skeletal muscle and the liver but did not affect glucose homeostasis in all groups, and glucose concentration remained lower in LBWT than in NBWT pigs. These data suggest that the previously reported hyperglycemic effect of lipid supplementation may depend on the route of administration or age of the neonatal pig.
背景
低出生体重（LBWT）新生儿的生长速度比正常出生体重（NBWT）新生儿慢，并且可能在出生后出现低血糖症。
目的
我们研究了膳食脂质补充是否会增强 LBWT 新生仔猪的生长并改善其葡萄糖生成。
方法
将 12 头 3 日龄的 NBWT（1.606kg）杂交仔猪与 12 头 LBWT（1.260kg）同窝同性仔猪相匹配。在 6 日龄时，每组中的 6 头仔猪分别喂食低能量（LE）或高能量（HE）等氮配方，其中分别含有 5.2%和 7.3%的脂肪。使用双能 X 射线吸收仪评估身体成分；使用稳定同位素示踪剂评估血浆葡萄糖和甘油动力学。处死仔猪后，测量骨骼肌和内脏器官的重量。通过 2×2 析因设计的方差分析来分析数据；使用重复测量分析来研究时间效应。
结果
脂质补充对 LBWT 或 NBWT 仔猪的体重没有影响。然而，与 LE 饮食相比，HE 饮食喂养的仔猪的肝脏和背最长肌重量占体重的百分比更大（4.3%比 3.4%和 1.5%比 1.2%），但仍低于 LBWT 仔猪（3.8%比 3.9%和 1.3%比 1.5%）（P<0.05）。此外，与 LE 配方相比，HE 配方喂养的仔猪肝脏脂肪含量增加（7.9 比 2.6 g）（P<0.05）。脂质补充并未影响血浆葡萄糖浓度，LBWT 组的血糖浓度仍低于 NBWT 组（4.1 比 4.5 mmol/L）（P<0.05）。
结论
我们的数据表明，脂质补充适度改善了骨骼肌和肝脏的生长，但并未影响所有组的葡萄糖稳态，并且 LBWT 仔猪的血糖浓度仍低于 NBWT 仔猪。这些数据表明，脂质补充先前报道的高血糖作用可能取决于新生仔猪的给药途径或年龄。
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