与开链运动相比，在闭链运动中，肩部和躯干肌肉的肌电图激活更大。
Electromyography activation of shoulder and trunk muscles is greater during closed chain compared to open chain exercises.
机构信息
Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA; Division of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA.
Andrews Research & Education Foundation, Gulf Breeze, USA.
出版信息
J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2022 Feb;62:102306. doi: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2019.05.007. Epub 2019 May 12.
BACKGROUND
To compare the activation of shoulder and trunk muscles between six pairs of closed (CC) and open chain (OC) exercises for the upper extremity, matched for performance characteristics. The secondary aims were to compare shoulder and trunk muscle activation and shoulder activation ratios during each pair of CC and OC exercise.
METHODS
Twenty-two healthy young adults were recruited. During visit 1, the 5-repetition maximum resistance was established for each CC and OC exercise. During visit 2, electromyography activation from the infraspinatus (INF), deltoid (DEL), serratus anterior (SA), upper, middle and lower trapezius (UT, MT, LT), erector spinae (ES) and external oblique (EO) muscles was collected during 5-repetition max of each exercise. Average activation was calculated during the concentric and eccentric phases of each exercises. Activation ratios (DEL/INF, UT/LT, UT/MT, UT/SA) were also calculated. Linear mixed models compared the activation by muscle collapsed across CC and OC exercises. A paired t-test compared the activation of each muscle and the activation ratios (DEL/INF, UT/LT, UT/MT, UT/SA) between each pair of CC and OC exercises.
RESULTS
The INF, LT, ES, and EO had greater activation during both concentric (p = 0.03) and eccentric (p < 0.01) phases of CC versus OC exercises. Activation ratios were lower in CC exercises compared to OC exercises (DEL/INF, 3 pairs; UT/LT, 2 pairs; UT/MT, 1 pair; UT/SA, 3 pairs).
CONCLUSION
Upper extremity CC exercises generated greater activation of shoulder and trunk muscles compared to OC exercises. Some of the CC exercises produced lower activation ratios compared to OC exercises.
背景
比较六对闭链（CC）和开链（OC）上肢练习在性能特征匹配的情况下对肩部和躯干肌肉的激活情况。次要目的是比较每对 CC 和 OC 练习中肩部和躯干肌肉的激活情况以及肩部激活比。
方法
招募了 22 名健康的年轻成年人。在第 1 次就诊时，为每对 CC 和 OC 练习确定了 5 次重复最大阻力。在第 2 次就诊时，在进行每组练习的 5 次最大重复时，收集了来自冈下肌（INF）、三角肌（DEL）、前锯肌（SA）、上、中、下斜方肌（UT、MT、LT）、竖脊肌（ES）和腹外斜肌（EO）的肌电图激活情况。在每个练习的向心和离心阶段计算平均激活情况。还计算了激活比（DEL/INF、UT/LT、UT/MT、UT/SA）。线性混合模型比较了肌肉在 CC 和 OC 练习中激活的情况。配对 t 检验比较了每组 CC 和 OC 练习中每个肌肉的激活情况和激活比（DEL/INF、UT/LT、UT/MT、UT/SA）。
结果
CC 练习在向心（p=0.03）和离心（p<0.01）阶段的 INF、LT、ES 和 EO 肌肉的激活都更高。与 OC 练习相比，CC 练习中的激活比（DEL/INF，3 对；UT/LT，2 对；UT/MT，1 对；UT/SA，3 对）更低。
结论
与 OC 练习相比，上肢 CC 练习能更大程度地激活肩部和躯干肌肉。与 OC 练习相比，一些 CC 练习的激活比更低。
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