Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Center for Dental Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
J Clin Periodontol. 2019 Aug;46(8):830-839. doi: 10.1111/jcpe.13156. Epub 2019 Jun 25.
To explore the M1/M2 status of macrophage polarization from healthy, gingivitis, and periodontitis patient samples.
Gingival biopsies were collected from 42 individuals (14 gingivitis, 18 periodontitis, and 10 healthy samples) receiving periodontal therapy. Histomorphology analysis was performed with haematoxylin and eosin staining. Immunofluorescence was performed using a combination of CD68 (macrophages), iNOS (M1), and CD206 (M2) in order to acquire changes in macrophage polarization at a single-cell resolution. Macrophages were quantified under microscopy using narrow wavelength filters to detect Alexa 488, Alexa 568, Alexa 633 fluorophores, and Hoechst 33342 to identify cellular DNA content.
Gingivitis and periodontitis samples showed higher levels of macrophages compared with healthy samples. Unexpectedly, periodontitis samples displayed lower levels of macrophages dispersed in the stromal tissues compared with gingivitis samples; however, it remained higher than healthy tissues. The polarization of macrophages appears to be reduced in periodontitis and showed similar levels to those observed in healthy tissues.
Our study found that gingivitis and periodontitis differ from each other by the levels of macrophage infiltrate, but not by changes in macrophage polarization.
从健康、牙龈炎和牙周炎患者样本中探索巨噬细胞极化的 M1/M2 状态。
从接受牙周治疗的 42 名个体（14 名牙龈炎、18 名牙周炎和 10 名健康样本）中采集牙龈活检组织。采用苏木精-伊红染色进行组织形态学分析。通过 CD68（巨噬细胞）、iNOS（M1）和 CD206（M2）的组合进行免疫荧光染色，以获得单细胞分辨率下巨噬细胞极化的变化。使用窄波长滤光片在显微镜下对巨噬细胞进行定量，以检测 Alexa 488、Alexa 568 和 Alexa 633 荧光染料，并用 Hoechst 33342 识别细胞 DNA 含量。
与健康样本相比，牙龈炎和牙周炎样本中的巨噬细胞水平更高。出乎意料的是，与牙龈炎样本相比，牙周炎样本中分散在基质组织中的巨噬细胞水平较低；然而，它仍然高于健康组织。巨噬细胞的极化似乎在牙周炎中减少，且与在健康组织中观察到的水平相似。
本研究发现，牙龈炎和牙周炎在巨噬细胞浸润水平上存在差异，但在巨噬细胞极化变化上无差异。
