Area of Developmental and Cell Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones, Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain; Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.
National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Trends Immunol. 2019 Jul;40(7):584-597. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2019.04.013. Epub 2019 May 29.
Neutrophils are recognized as an essential part of the innate immune response, but an active debate still exists regarding the life cycle of these cells. Neutrophils first differentiate in the bone marrow through progenitor intermediaries before entering the blood, in a process that gauges the extramedullary pool size. Once believed to be directly eliminated in the marrow, liver, and spleen, neutrophils, after circulating for less than 1 day, are now known to redistribute into multiple tissues with poorly understood kinetics. In this review, we provide an update on the dynamic distribution of neutrophils across tissues in health and disease, and emphasize differences between humans and model organisms. We further highlight issues to be addressed to exploit the unique features of neutrophils in the clinic.
中性粒细胞被认为是先天免疫反应的重要组成部分，但关于这些细胞的生命周期仍存在激烈的争论。中性粒细胞首先通过祖细胞中间产物在骨髓中分化，然后进入血液，这个过程可以衡量骨髓外池的大小。过去人们认为中性粒细胞会直接在骨髓、肝脏和脾脏中被清除，但现在已知它们在循环不到 1 天后会重新分布到多个组织中，其动力学机制尚不清楚。在这篇综述中，我们提供了有关中性粒细胞在健康和疾病状态下在组织中的动态分布的最新信息，并强调了人类和模式生物之间的差异。我们还进一步强调了需要解决的问题，以利用中性粒细胞在临床中的独特特征。
