Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany.
Biochim Biophys Acta Bioenerg. 2020 Apr 1;1861(4):148027. doi: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2019.05.003. Epub 2019 May 31.
Besides the so-called 'green lineage' of eukaryotic photosynthetic organisms that include vascular plants, a huge variety of different algal groups exist that also harvest light by means of membrane intrinsic light harvesting proteins (Lhc). The main taxa of these algae are the Cryptophytes, Haptophytes, Dinophytes, Chromeridae and the Heterokonts, the latter including diatoms, brown algae, Xanthophyceae and Eustigmatophyceae amongst others. Despite the similarity in Lhc proteins between vascular plants and these algae, pigmentation is significantly different since no Chl b is bound, but often replaced by Chl c, and a large diversity in carotenoids functioning in light harvesting and/or photoprotection is present. Due to the presence of Chl c in most of the taxa the name 'Chl c-containing organisms' has become common, however, Chl b-less is more precise since some harbour Lhc proteins that only bind one type of Chl, Chl a. In recent years huge progress has been made about the occurrence and function of Lhc in diatoms, so-called fucoxanthin chlorophyll proteins (FCP), where also the first molecular structure became available recently. In addition, especially energy transfer amongst the unusual pigments bound was intensively studied in many of these groups. This review summarises the present knowledge about the molecular structure, the arrangement of the different Lhc in complexes, the excitation energy transfer abilities and the involvement in photoprotection of the different Lhc systems in the so-called Chl c-containing organisms. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Light harvesting, edited by Dr. Roberta Croce.
除了包括维管植物在内的真核光合生物的所谓“绿色谱系”之外，还存在着各种各样不同的藻类群体，它们也通过膜内在的光捕获蛋白（Lhc）来捕获光。这些藻类的主要类群是隐藻、甲藻、腰鞭毛藻、Chromeridae 和 Heterokonts，后者包括硅藻、褐藻、黄藻和金藻等。尽管维管植物和这些藻类的 Lhc 蛋白相似，但色素沉着却有很大的不同，因为没有结合 Chl b，而是通常被 Chl c 取代，并且存在着大量的类胡萝卜素，它们在光捕获和/或光保护中发挥作用。由于大多数类群中都存在 Chl c，因此“含有 Chl c 的生物”这个名称已经很常见了，但是“不含 Chl b”的说法更准确，因为有些生物的 Lhc 蛋白只结合一种 Chl，即 Chl a。近年来，关于硅藻中 Lhc 的存在和功能（即所谓的叶黄素叶绿素蛋白（FCP））取得了巨大进展，最近也获得了第一个分子结构。此外，在这些类群中，特别是在结合的不寻常色素之间的能量转移方面，进行了深入研究。本文总结了目前关于含有 Chl c 的生物中不同 Lhc 系统的分子结构、复合物中不同 Lhc 的排列、激发能量转移能力以及在光保护中的作用的知识。本文是由 Roberta Croce 博士编辑的题为“光捕获”的特刊的一部分。
