Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, 400067, PR China; Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, 400067, PR China.
Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, 400067, PR China; Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, 400067, PR China.
Free Radic Biol Med. 2019 Sep;141:67-83. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.05.031. Epub 2019 May 30.
Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) has been implicated in obesity-associated cardiac remodeling and dysfunction. Inactive rhomboid protein 2 (iRhom2), also known as Rhbdf2, is an inactive member of the rhomboid intramembrane proteinase family, playing an essential role in regulating inflammation. Nevertheless, the role of ERS-meditated iRhom2 pathway in metabolic stress-induced cardiomyopathy remains unknown. In the study, we showed that 4-PBA, as an essential ERS inhibitor, significantly alleviated high fat diet (HFD)-induced metabolic disorder and cardiac dysfunction in mice. Additionally, lipid deposition in heart tissues was prevented by 4-PBA in HFD-challenged mice. Moreover, 4-PBA blunted the expression of iRhom2, TACE, TNFR2 and phosphorylated NF-κB to prevent HFD-induced expression of inflammatory factors. Further, 4-PBA restrained HFD-triggered oxidative stress by promoting Nrf-2 signaling. Importantly, 4-PBA markedly suppressed cardiac ERS in HFD mice. The anti-inflammation, anti-ERS and anti-oxidant effects of 4-PBA were verified in palmitate (PAL)-incubated macrophages and cardiomyocytes. In addition, promoting ERS could obviously enhance iRhom2 signaling in vitro. Intriguingly, our data demonstrated that PAL-induced iRhom2 up-regulation apparently promoted macrophage to generate inflammatory factors that could promote cardiomyocyte inflammation and lipid accumulation. Finally, interventions by adding fisetin or metformin significantly abrogated metabolic stress-induced cardiomyopathy through the mechanisms mentioned above. In conclusion, this study provided a novel mechanism for metabolic stress-induced cardiomyopathy pathogenesis. Therapeutic strategy to restrain ROS/ERS/iRhom2 signaling pathway could be developed to prevent myocardial inflammation and lipid deposition, consequently alleviating obesity-induced cardiomyopathy.
内质网应激(ERS)与肥胖相关的心脏重构和功能障碍有关。非活性菱形蛋白 2(iRhom2),也称为 Rhbdf2,是菱形跨膜蛋白酶家族的无活性成员,在调节炎症中起着至关重要的作用。然而,代谢应激诱导的心肌病中 ERS 介导的 iRhom2 途径的作用尚不清楚。在这项研究中,我们表明,4-PBA 作为一种重要的 ERS 抑制剂,可显著缓解高脂肪饮食(HFD)诱导的小鼠代谢紊乱和心脏功能障碍。此外,4-PBA 可防止 HFD 挑战小鼠心脏组织中的脂质沉积。此外,4-PBA 减弱了 iRhom2、TACE、TNFR2 和磷酸化 NF-κB 的表达,以防止 HFD 诱导的炎症因子表达。此外,4-PBA 通过促进 Nrf-2 信号转导来抑制 HFD 引发的氧化应激。重要的是,4-PBA 显著抑制了 HFD 小鼠的心脏 ERS。4-PBA 在棕榈酸(PAL)孵育的巨噬细胞和心肌细胞中验证了其抗炎、抗 ERS 和抗氧化作用。此外,促进 ERS 可明显增强体外的 iRhom2 信号。有趣的是,我们的数据表明,PAL 诱导的 iRhom2 上调明显促进了巨噬细胞产生炎症因子,从而促进了心肌细胞炎症和脂质积累。最后,通过添加非瑟酮或二甲双胍的干预措施,通过上述机制明显阻断了代谢应激诱导的心肌病。总之,这项研究为代谢应激诱导的心肌病发病机制提供了一个新的机制。抑制 ROS/ERS/iRhom2 信号通路的治疗策略可能被开发出来,以防止心肌炎症和脂质沉积,从而缓解肥胖引起的心肌病。