Peterson L R, Moody J A, Fasching C E, Gerding D N
Medical Service, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55417.
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 1987 Jun;7(2):127-36. doi: 10.1016/0732-8893(87)90030-7.
Closed-space neutropenic infection sites were simulated in rabbits by subcutaneous semipermeable chambers that were inoculated with 5 X 10(4) CFU/ml of various strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus faecalis, and Streptococcus avium. Four hours after inoculation, treatment was begun with ciprofloxacin, 10 or 30 mg/kg, azlocillin, 100 mg/kg, amikacin, 15 mg/kg, procaine penicillin G, 300 U/dose, or gentamicin, 2 mg/kg, alone and in two-drug combinations. Antimicrobials were given intramuscularly every 6 hr for 16 doses. Extravascular chambers were sampled throughout the treatment course for bacterial counts and antimicrobial concentration. In vivo results were compared to in vitro tests of inhibition, killing, and synergism. Ciprofloxacin alone had little effect on the animal infection sites. Azlocillin alone reduced, in vivo, eight of 12 isolates greater than or equal to 5 log10 CFU/ml by 92 hr as compared to control. Azlocillin plus ciprofloxacin reduced all 12 isolates greater than or equal to 5 log10 CFU/ml by 92 hr, whereas amikacin plus azlocillin reduced only three and penicillin plus gentamicin only one of the six group D streptococcal isolates greater than or equal to 5 log10 CFU/ml.
通过皮下半透室在兔子身上模拟封闭空间中性粒细胞减少的感染部位，向这些半透室接种每毫升含5×10⁴ 菌落形成单位（CFU）的各种肺炎链球菌、粪肠球菌和鸟肠球菌菌株。接种后4小时，开始用环丙沙星（10或30毫克/千克）、阿洛西林（100毫克/千克）、阿米卡星（15毫克/千克）、普鲁卡因青霉素G（300单位/剂量）或庆大霉素（2毫克/千克）进行治疗，单独用药或两药联合使用。抗菌药物每6小时肌肉注射一次，共注射16剂。在整个治疗过程中对血管外腔室进行采样，以进行细菌计数和抗菌药物浓度检测。将体内结果与体外抑制、杀菌和协同作用试验结果进行比较。单独使用环丙沙星对动物感染部位几乎没有影响。与对照组相比，单独使用阿洛西林在92小时内使12株大于或等于5 log₁₀ CFU/ml的分离株中的8株在体内减少。阿洛西林加环丙沙星在92小时内使所有12株大于或等于5 log₁₀ CFU/ml的分离株减少，而阿米卡星加阿洛西林仅使6株大于或等于5 log₁₀ CFU/ml的D组链球菌分离株中的3株减少，青霉素加庆大霉素仅使其中1株减少。
