Department of Experimental and Applied Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam.
Department of Psychology, University of Southampton.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2019 Oct;45(10):1291-1303. doi: 10.1037/xhp0000660. Epub 2019 Jun 3.
[Correction Notice: An Erratum for this article was reported in Vol 45(10) of (see record 2019-57445-001). In the article, Figure 1 was an older version and has been updated. All versions of this article have been corrected.] We are constantly extracting regularities from the visual environment to optimize attentional orienting. Here we examine the phenomenon that recurrent presentation of distractors in a specific location leads to its attentional suppression. Specifically, we address the question whether suppression is specific to the spatial regularities of distractors or also extends to visual features bearing statistical regularities. To that end, we used a visual search task with two high-probability locations, each showing one of two distractor types more often than the other. At these high-probability locations, target processing was impaired and attentional capture by either distractor was reduced, consistent with feature-unspecific spatial suppression. However, suppression was more facilitated when the distractor feature was presented at the high-probability location that matched its features, suggesting feature-specific suppression. Interestingly, feature-unspecific spatial suppression only spread between locations when distractors varied within a feature dimension (e.g., red and green) but not when they varied across feature dimensions (e.g., red and square). Our findings thus demonstrate a joint influence of implicitly learned spatial and feature regularities on attention and reveal how the visual system can benefit from complex statistical regularities. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
[勘误通知：本文在《心理科学》（Psychological Science）45 卷 10 期（见记录 2019-57445-001）中报告了勘误。在本文中，图 1 是一个旧版本，已被更新。本文的所有版本都已更正。]我们一直在从视觉环境中提取规律，以优化注意力定向。在这里，我们研究了在特定位置反复呈现分心物会导致其注意力抑制的现象。具体来说，我们探讨了抑制是否特定于分心物的空间规律，还是也扩展到具有统计规律的视觉特征。为此，我们使用了一项视觉搜索任务，其中两个高概率位置中的每一个都比另一个更频繁地显示两种分心物类型之一。在这些高概率位置，目标处理受到损害，并且任何一种分心物的注意力捕获都减少了，这与特征非特异性空间抑制一致。然而，当特征与高概率位置匹配的分心物呈现特征时，抑制更容易，这表明存在特征特异性抑制。有趣的是，当分心物在特征维度内变化（例如红色和绿色）而不是在特征维度之间变化时（例如红色和正方形），特征非特异性空间抑制仅在位置之间传播。因此，我们的研究结果表明，隐含学习的空间和特征规律对注意力有共同影响，并揭示了视觉系统如何从复杂的统计规律中受益。（PsycINFO 数据库记录（c）2019 APA，保留所有权利）。
