成人词汇任务表现的相关因素：来自一个英国队列的研究结果。

Correlates of Adult Vocabulary Task Performance: Findings from a British Cohort.

作者信息

Cheng Helen, Furnham Adrian

机构信息

Department of Psychology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.

ESRC Centre for Learning and Life Chances in Knowledge Economies and Societies, Institute of Education, University of London, London WC1H 0AL, UK.

出版信息

J Intell. 2019 Jan 12;7(1):2. doi: 10.3390/jintelligence7010002.

DOI:10.3390/jintelligence7010002

PMID:31162381

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6526404/

Abstract

This study explored a longitudinal data set of 4361 adults (2119 males and 2239 females) to examine factors that influence adult vocabulary task performance. Data were collected at birth, in childhood (age 10 years), during teenage years (age 16 years), and in adulthood (ages 30, 34, and 42 years) to examine the effects of family social status, childhood cognitive ability, teenager locus of control, psychological distress, educational qualifications, and occupational prestige in adulthood on an adult vocabulary task-an index of crystallized intelligence. Structural equation modeling showed that childhood cognitive ability, teenager locus of control, education, and occupation were all significant and direct predictors of adult vocabulary task performance. Parental social status affected the outcome variable mediated through educational qualifications. The strongest predictor of adult vocabulary task performance was childhood cognitive ability, followed by educational qualifications and locus of control. Finally, limitations were acknowledged.

摘要

本研究探讨了一个包含4361名成年人（2119名男性和2239名女性）的纵向数据集，以检验影响成人词汇任务表现的因素。在出生时、童年期（10岁）、青少年期（16岁）以及成年期（30岁、34岁和42岁）收集数据，以考察家庭社会地位、童年认知能力、青少年控制点、心理困扰、教育程度以及成年期职业声望对成人词汇任务（一种晶体智力指标）的影响。结构方程模型表明，童年认知能力、青少年控制点、教育程度和职业都是成人词汇任务表现的显著直接预测因素。父母的社会地位通过教育程度对结果变量产生影响。成人词汇任务表现的最强预测因素是童年认知能力，其次是教育程度和控制点。最后，研究承认了局限性。