Clinical Toxicology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, SE1 7EH, UK.
Rocky Mountain Poison & Drug Center, Denver Health and Hospital Authority, Denver, CO, 80204, USA.
Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2019 Aug;85(8):1841-1845. doi: 10.1111/bcp.13959. Epub 2019 Jun 5.
There is concern in the UK about nonmedical use (NMU) of alprazolam (Xanax). We investigated the epidemiology of alprazolam NMU compared with diazepam using data from the Survey of Non-Medical Use of Prescription Drugs (NMURx) programme (collected 28 September-1 December 2017). The survey included 10 019 respondents and was weighted by age, sex and region to represent 52 927 659 UK adults. The estimated national prevalence of lifetime NMU of alprazolam was 0.32% (95% confidence interval: 0.19-0.46), and 1.30% (1.06-1.54) for diazepam. The prevalence of NMU in the last 90 days was significantly different when split by age category for alprazolam (P < .001), but not for diazepam (P = .262) with alprazolam NMU being more common among younger adults (age 16-24 years: 0.37%; age 25-34 years: 0.14%; 35 years or older: 0.01%). Further research is needed to fully understand the motivations of alprazolam NMU and to monitor whether the popularity of alprazolam will rise.
英国对苯二氮䓬类药物（如阿普唑仑）的非医疗用途（NMU）表示关注。我们利用处方药物非医疗使用调查（NMURx）项目的数据（收集于 2017 年 9 月 28 日至 12 月 1 日），调查了阿普唑仑 NMU 的流行情况，并与地西泮进行了比较。该调查共纳入 10019 名受访者，并按年龄、性别和地区进行了加权，以代表英国 5292.7659 万名成年人。终生使用阿普唑仑 NMU 的全国估计患病率为 0.32%（95%置信区间：0.19-0.46），而地西泮的患病率为 1.30%（1.06-1.54）。根据年龄分类，阿普唑仑 NMU 的最近 90 天的患病率存在显著差异（P<0.001），但地西泮无显著差异（P=0.262），即阿普唑仑 NMU 在年轻人中更为常见（16-24 岁：0.37%；25-34 岁：0.14%；35 岁或以上：0.01%）。需要进一步研究，以充分了解阿普唑仑 NMU 的动机，并监测阿普唑仑是否会更受欢迎。
