De Souza Adelson Silva, Do Rosário Tayse Nascimento, De Brito Simith Darlan De Jesus, Abrunhosa Fernando Araújo
Biol Bull. 2019 Jun;236(3):186-198. doi: 10.1086/701965. Epub 2019 Mar 19.
Sporadic fluctuations in food availability may affect larval biology and post-metamorphic development in many marine invertebrates. In an experimental study in the laboratory, we investigated whether different regimes (1, 3, and 5 days) of initial starvation or feeding affect the survival and duration of the last planktotrophic larval stage (, megalopa) of the neotropical mangrove fiddler crab . Newly metamorphosed crabs originating from megalopae starved for 1 and 3 days were cultured through the first 5 juvenile stages to further evaluate whether prior nutritional experience affects the post-larval performance of this species. All megalopae that were starved continuously died, while 80% of the larvae that were fed constantly metamorphosed successfully into the juvenile stage. Megalopae initially starved for 3 and 5 days exhibited lower survival (55% and 30% of larval metamorphosis, respectively) than larvae starved for only 1 day (85%) or fed constantly. The starvation periods (1, 3, and 5 days) also significantly prolonged the mean megalopal stage duration (12.8, 13.9, and 14.3 days, respectively) compared to the continuous feeding regime (10.6 days). Survival of the megalopae subjected to different periods of initial feeding (1, 3, and 5 days) was significantly lower (15.0%, 57.5%, and 62.5%, respectively) than survival of the larvae fed constantly. The mean megalopal stage duration, by contrast, did not vary among megalopae initially fed for 3 and 5 days or fed continuously (10.4 days). The larval starvation did not affect survival and carapace shape of juveniles, but it did alter their intermolt period, growth, and body size. These carryover effects were stronger in the first juvenile crab stage than in other juvenile stages. Our results indicate that the timing and duration of the starvation or feeding regime experienced by the megalopae may affect their successful survival and developmental period until metamorphosis to juvenile life. In addition, the preceding larval starvation associated with a prolonged larval period may also affect early juvenile performance in specific crab stages of .
食物可利用性的零星波动可能会影响许多海洋无脊椎动物的幼体生物学特性和变态后发育。在实验室的一项实验研究中，我们调查了不同时长（1天、3天和5天）的初始饥饿或投喂对新热带红树林招潮蟹最后浮游幼体阶段（大眼幼体）的存活和持续时间的影响。将源自饥饿1天和3天的大眼幼体变态而来的新变态蟹培养至前5个幼体阶段，以进一步评估先前的营养经历是否会影响该物种幼体后的表现。所有持续饥饿的大眼幼体均死亡，而持续投喂的幼体中有80%成功变态进入幼体阶段。最初饥饿3天和5天的大眼幼体的存活率（分别为幼体变态的55%和30%）低于仅饥饿1天（85%）或持续投喂的幼体。与持续投喂组（10.6天）相比，饥饿期（1天、3天和5天）也显著延长了大眼幼体阶段的平均持续时间（分别为12.8天、13.9天和14.3天）。经历不同初始投喂时长（1天、3天和5天）的大眼幼体的存活率（分别为15.0%、57.5%和62.5%）显著低于持续投喂的幼体。相比之下，最初投喂3天和5天或持续投喂的大眼幼体的大眼幼体阶段平均持续时间没有差异（10.4天）。幼体饥饿不影响幼蟹的存活和头胸甲形状，但会改变它们的蜕皮间期、生长和体型。这些遗留效应在第一期幼蟹阶段比在其他幼体阶段更强。我们的结果表明，大眼幼体经历的饥饿或投喂模式的时间和持续时间可能会影响它们成功存活和发育至变态为幼体生活的时期。此外，与延长的幼体期相关的先前幼体饥饿也可能会影响特定蟹阶段的早期幼体表现。
