Winkler M, Erbs G, Müller F E, König W
Lehrstuhl für Medkrobiologie, Arbeitsgruppe Infektabwehr, Ruhr-Universität, Bochum.
Zentralbl Bakteriol Mikrobiol Hyg B Umwelthyg Krankenhaushyg Arbeitshyg Prav Med. 1987 Jun;184(3-4):304-20.
Bacteria isolated between 1/1/1983 and 12/31/1984 from the burns of 122 patients in a burns unit at the Ruhr-Universität Bochum were studied. Grampositive bacteria were predominant in colonizing the burn wounds (62.5% of all strains isolated). In the patients with more than 40% of total body surface area (TBSA) burn, isolation of Staph aureus was most frequent. The exogenous colonization rate with Staph. aureus was 86%. Coagulase negative Staphylococci were identified in 89.6% of all patients (71.4% of the patients with more than 40% TBSA burn). There was a constant decline in detecting Pseudomonas aeruginosa from the second half of 1983. Microbial sensitivity testing was performed in 834 cases. Gramnegative strains of bacteria resistant to Ampicillin, Mezlocillin, Piperacillin and Ticarcillin were found in 10 up to 97% of the tested strains. Acinetobacter calcoaceticus var. antitratus and Enterobacter cloacae usually displayed a wide resistant pattern. Some strains were resistant as to 16 antibiotics. The incidence of multiresistant Staph. aureus was studied. The time course of multiresistance was paralleled by the incidence of a 6-fold resistance to Benzylpenicillin, Oxacillin, Tetracyclin(T), Gentamycin(G), Erythromycin(E), and Sulfadiacin(S). The probability of simultaneous resistance to 2 of the 4 antibiotics (T, G, E, S) ranged between 0.7 and 0.98. 98 out of 336 Staph. aureus isolates showed a simultaneous resistance to T, G, E and S (29%).
对1983年1月1日至1984年12月31日期间从波鸿鲁尔大学烧伤病房122例患者烧伤创面分离出的细菌进行了研究。革兰氏阳性菌在烧伤创面定植中占主导地位（分离出的所有菌株中有62.5%）。在烧伤总面积超过40%的患者中，金黄色葡萄球菌的分离最为常见。金黄色葡萄球菌的外源性定植率为86%。在所有患者中有89.6%鉴定出凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（烧伤总面积超过40%的患者中有71.4%）。从1983年下半年起，铜绿假单胞菌的检出率持续下降。对834例进行了微生物敏感性测试。发现革兰氏阴性菌对氨苄西林、美洛西林、哌拉西林和替卡西林耐药的菌株占测试菌株的10%至97%。醋酸钙不动杆菌反硝化亚种和阴沟肠杆菌通常表现出广泛的耐药模式。一些菌株对16种抗生素耐药。研究了多重耐药金黄色葡萄球菌的发生率。多重耐药的时间进程与对苄青霉素、苯唑西林、四环素（T）、庆大霉素（G）、红霉素（E）和磺胺嘧啶（S）的6倍耐药发生率平行。在336株金黄色葡萄球菌分离株中，有98株（29%）同时对T、G、E和S耐药。
