Australian Rivers Institute, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland 4215, Australia.
Australian Rivers Institute, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland 4215, Australia.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 Oct 1;685:471-479. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.451. Epub 2019 May 30.
Ocean acidification and warming, fueled by excess atmospheric carbon dioxide, can impose stress on marine organisms. Most studies testing the effects of climate change on marine organisms, however, use extreme climate projection scenarios, despite moderate projections scenarios being most likely to occur. Here, we examined the interactive effects of warming and acidification on reproduction, respiration, mobility and metabolic composition of polyps of the Irukandji jellyfish, Carukia barnesi, to determine the responses of a cubozoan jellyfish to moderate and extreme climate scenarios in Queensland, Australia. The experiment consisted two orthogonal factors: temperature (current 25 °C and future 28 °C) and pH (current (8.0) moderate (7.9) and extreme (7.7)). All polyps survived in the experiment but fewer polyps were produced in the pH 7.7 treatment compared to pH 7.9 and pH 8.0. Respiration rates were elevated in the lowest pH treatment throughout most of the experiment and polyps were approximately half as mobile in this treatment compared to pH 7.9 and pH 8.0, regardless of temperature. We identified metabolites occurring at significantly lower relative abundance in the lowest pH (i.e. glutamate, acetate, betaine, methylguanidine, lysine, sarcosine, glycine) and elevated temperature (i.e. proline, trigonelline, creatinine, mannose, acetate, betaine, methylguanidine, lysine, sarcosine) treatments. Glycine was the only metabolite exhibiting an interactive effect between pH and temperature. Our results suggest that C. barnesi polyps are unaffected by the most optimistic climate scenario and may tolerate even extreme climate conditions to some extent.
由于大气中过量的二氧化碳，海洋酸化和变暖会给海洋生物带来压力。然而，大多数测试气候变化对海洋生物影响的研究使用的是极端气候预测情景，尽管中度预测情景更有可能发生。在这里，我们研究了变暖与酸化对伊鲁坎吉水母（Carukia barnesi）水螅体繁殖、呼吸、运动和代谢组成的交互影响，以确定澳大利亚昆士兰州的箱形水母对中度和极端气候情景的反应。该实验由两个正交因素组成：温度（当前 25°C 和未来 28°C）和 pH（当前（8.0）、中等（7.9）和极端（7.7））。所有水螅体都在实验中存活下来，但在 pH 值为 7.7 的处理中产生的水螅体较少，与 pH 值为 7.9 和 pH 值为 8.0 的处理相比。在整个实验过程中，最低 pH 值处理中的呼吸速率升高，而在该处理中水螅体的运动能力大约只有 pH 值为 7.9 和 pH 值为 8.0 的一半，而与温度无关。我们发现，在最低 pH 值（即谷氨酸、乙酸盐、甜菜碱、甲基胍、赖氨酸、肌氨酸、甘氨酸）和升高温度（即脯氨酸、三羟甲基嘧啶、肌酸、甘露糖、乙酸盐、甜菜碱、甲基胍、赖氨酸、肌氨酸）处理中，发生的代谢物相对丰度显著降低。甘氨酸是唯一在 pH 值和温度之间表现出交互作用的代谢物。我们的结果表明，C. barnesi 水螅体不受最乐观的气候情景的影响，并且在某种程度上可能耐受甚至极端的气候条件。
