Department of Earth Sciences, College of Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz, 71454, Iran.
Environ Geochem Health. 2019 Dec;41(6):2803-2820. doi: 10.1007/s10653-019-00343-1. Epub 2019 Jun 8.
High bioavailability of man-made pollutants in marine environments raises serious concern regarding the safety of seafood. In the present study, the presence, trophic transfer, and risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in 170 benthic marine organisms (87 prawn; 28 crab; 55 fish) from the Persian Gulf were investigated. Among investigated species, E. coioides displayed the lowest level of metal pollution index (MPI), while P. armatus and P. semisulcatus showed the highest level of MPI and total PAHs, respectively. Principal component biplot exhibited a significant association of PTEs (except Hg) and PAHs in less motile benthic species. The results of trophic transfer investigation revealed that PTEs (except Hg) and PAHs were not biomagnified in the studied organisms through diet. However, Hg biomagnification factors greater than 1 indicated trophic transfer of mercury. In order to gain nutritional benefits of seafood, consumption of two fish/prawn meals/week for adults (except vulnerable groups such as pregnant women) and one fish/prawn meals/week for children is recommended. However, lifelong consumption of crabs (P. armatus) may threaten human health. In addition, the maximum allowable fish consumption rate (CR) for studied fish is 120 g fish/day for adults and 30 g fish/day for children. In the case of prawns, the safe dose is 30 and 10 g prawns/day for adults and children, respectively.
人为污染物在海洋环境中的高生物可利用性引起了人们对海鲜安全性的严重关注。本研究调查了来自波斯湾的 170 种底栖海洋生物（87 只虾；28 只蟹；55 种鱼）中多环芳烃（PAHs）和潜在有毒元素（PTEs）的存在、营养转移和风险。在所研究的物种中，E. coioides 表现出最低的金属污染指数（MPI），而 P. armatus 和 P. semisulcatus 则分别表现出最高的 MPI 和总多环芳烃水平。主成分双标图显示 PTEs（除汞外）和 PAHs 与低游动性底栖物种之间存在显著关联。营养转移研究的结果表明，在所研究的生物体内，PTEs（除汞外）和 PAHs 没有通过饮食发生生物放大。然而，Hg 生物放大因子大于 1 表明汞的营养转移。为了从海鲜中获得营养益处，建议成年人每周食用两份鱼/虾餐（除孕妇等弱势群体外），儿童每周食用一份鱼/虾餐。然而，长期食用螃蟹（P. armatus）可能会威胁到人类健康。此外，研究鱼类的最大允许鱼类食用率（CR）为成年人每天 120 克鱼类，儿童每天 30 克鱼类。对于虾类，成年人和儿童的安全剂量分别为 30 克和 10 克虾/天。
