Pogorelova T N, Gunko V O, Mikhelson A A, Nikashina A A, Mikhelson A F, Lebedenko E Yu
Rostov State Medical University, 344022, Rostov-on-Don, Russia.
Klin Lab Diagn. 2019;64(5):260-264. doi: 10.18821/0869-2084-2019-64-5-260-264.
The activity of amino acid metabolism enzymes and the content of free amino acids in the placenta during physiological pregnancy and placental insufficiency (PI) were studied using spectrophotometric methods and ion-exchange chromatography. It was found that in PI placental activity of the studied enzymes: alanine-, cysteine-e, tyrosine-, glutamino- transferase, glutathione synthetase, glutamate dehydrogenase decreases at different periods of gestation. The opposite variations occur for aspartataminotranferase and glutaminase. Similar changes are detected for amino acids synthesized or used in the course of appropriate reactions: aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glutamine, alanine, cysteine, tyrosine, arginine. The correlation between enzyme activity and amino acid content was revealed. Different periods of pregnancy are characterized by varying degrees of change, especially expressed in the second trimester, characterized by the most intense growth and development of the fetus, and its increased needs for trophic material. The revealed changes obviously play a pathogenetic role in the formation and further development of PI.
采用分光光度法和离子交换色谱法，研究了生理妊娠和胎盘功能不全（PI）期间胎盘内氨基酸代谢酶的活性及游离氨基酸的含量。研究发现，在PI胎盘内，所研究酶的活性：丙氨酸转氨酶、半胱氨酸转氨酶、酪氨酸转氨酶、谷氨酰胺转移酶、谷胱甘肽合成酶、谷氨酸脱氢酶在妊娠不同时期均降低。而天冬氨酸转氨酶和谷氨酰胺酶则呈现相反的变化。在相应反应过程中合成或使用的氨基酸：天冬氨酸、谷氨酸、谷氨酰胺、丙氨酸、半胱氨酸、酪氨酸、精氨酸也检测到类似变化。揭示了酶活性与氨基酸含量之间的相关性。妊娠不同时期具有不同程度的变化特征，尤其在妊娠中期表现明显，此时胎儿生长发育最为旺盛，对营养物质的需求增加。所揭示的这些变化显然在PI的形成和进一步发展中发挥着发病机制作用。
