Li Qianfeng, Chi Peilian, Hall Brian J, Wu Qinglu, Du Hongfei
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China.
Global and Community Mental Health Research Group, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China.
Psych J. 2019 Sep;8(3):307-317. doi: 10.1002/pchj.298. Epub 2019 Jun 13.
Damaged self-esteem can explain the negative effects of various job stresses on depressive symptoms of migrant workers. Social support may threaten workers' self-esteem in highly stressful environments, and in turn worsen their mental health. This study aimed to examine the indirect role of self-esteem in the relationship between job stress and depressive symptoms among migrant workers in Macau and whether this indirect effect is modified by social support. A sample of 900 mainland Chinese migrant workers was recruited into the study. Job stress, social support, self-esteem, and depressive symptoms were measured. Conditional process analysis was used to examine the proposed moderated mediation model. Job stress was associated with depressive symptoms through lower self-esteem. The indirect effect of job stress on depressive symptoms via decreased self-esteem was significant among migrant workers with higher levels of social support, but not among migrant workers with lower levels of social support. Our findings suggest that when migrant workers perceive a high level of social support, job stress is more likely to threaten their self-esteem and in turn increase their risk for depression. Future efforts aimed at promoting the mental health of migrant workers need to tailor interventions to avoid the threatening effect of social support on self-esteem in job environments with high stress.
受损的自尊可以解释各种工作压力对农民工抑郁症状的负面影响。在压力极大的环境中，社会支持可能会威胁到工人的自尊，进而恶化他们的心理健康。本研究旨在探讨自尊在澳门农民工工作压力与抑郁症状关系中的间接作用，以及这种间接效应是否会受到社会支持的调节。本研究招募了900名中国大陆农民工作为样本。对工作压力、社会支持、自尊和抑郁症状进行了测量。采用条件过程分析来检验所提出的有调节的中介模型。工作压力通过较低的自尊与抑郁症状相关。在社会支持水平较高的农民工中，工作压力通过自尊下降对抑郁症状产生的间接效应显著，但在社会支持水平较低的农民工中则不显著。我们的研究结果表明，当农民工感受到高水平的社会支持时，工作压力更有可能威胁到他们的自尊，进而增加他们患抑郁症的风险。未来旨在促进农民工心理健康的努力需要量身定制干预措施，以避免在高压力工作环境中社会支持对自尊产生威胁效应。
