Kaufman R A, Carroll C D, Buncher C R
Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229-2899.
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1987 Nov-Dec;8(6):995-9.
This study describes a simple method for measuring the distance between the occiput and atlas when a distraction-dislocation injury is suspected in a child. Measurements were made at five evenly spaced locations along the atlantooccipital joint on cross-table lateral skull radiographs in 100 normal children. These data were compared with similar measurements in eight patients with proved atlantooccipital dislocation. The mean normal measurement fell between 1.96-2.63 mm for all five points. For boys or girls aged 1-15 years, the normal distance should not exceed 5 mm at any point in the joint. The likelihood that any normal child will have a measurement greater than or equal to 4.5 mm at any point is between 0.4-5.85% (expected false-positive rate).
本研究描述了一种在怀疑儿童发生牵张性脱位损伤时测量枕骨与寰椎之间距离的简单方法。在100名正常儿童的头颅交叉侧位X线片上，沿着寰枕关节在五个等距位置进行测量。将这些数据与八名已证实寰枕关节脱位患者的类似测量结果进行比较。所有五个点的平均正常测量值在1.96 - 2.63毫米之间。对于1 - 15岁的男孩或女孩，关节内任何一点的正常距离不应超过5毫米。任何正常儿童在任何一点的测量值大于或等于4.5毫米的可能性在0.4 - 5.85%之间（预期假阳性率）。
