Drug concentrations in post-mortem specimens.

A meta-analysis of drug concentrations in post-mortem specimens is presented. The analysis involved 50 commonly used drugs and their concentrations in femoral blood, other blood (such as cardiac blood), vitreous humor, muscle, liver, kidney, brain, heart, lung, spleen, and bile. A total of 10 993 analytical results from 5375 post-mortem cases in 388 studies were gathered and the ratios of drug concentrations in tissue material to median femoral blood concentrations were calculated. Analytical results from the laboratory's own database (years 2000-2018) were also included. The results show that the variation of ratios between post-mortem specimens and femoral blood is highly compound dependent. This database can be utilized in interpretation of toxicological results in cases where femoral blood is not available. The specimens with similar concentrations as in femoral blood were vitreous humor, muscle, and other blood, such as cardiac blood, and the highest concentrations were generally measured from liver and bile. For these reasons we suggest the following order for biological specimens to be used for a quantitative toxicological analysis in cases where femoral blood is not available: 1. other blood, 2. muscle, 3. vitreous humor, 4. brain, 5. heart, 6. spleen, 7. kidney, 8. liver, and 9. bile.