Peli Angelo, Grandis Annamaria, Tassinari Marco, Famigli Bergamini Paolo, Tagliavia Claudio, Roccaro Mariana, Bombardi Cristiano
Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50, 40064, Ozzano dell'Emilia (BO), Italy.
Animals (Basel). 2019 Jun 14;9(6):358. doi: 10.3390/ani9060358.
Calves reared for the production of white veal are subjected to stressful events due to the type of liquid diet they receive. Stress responses are mediated by three main stress-responsive cerebral regions: the prefrontal cortex, the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, and the nucleus of the solitary tract of the brainstem. In the present study, we have investigated the effects of different diets on these brain regions of ruminants using immunohistochemical methods. In this study, 15 calves were used and kept in group housing systems of five calves each. They were fed with three different diets: a control diet, a milk diet, and a weaned diet. Brain sections were immunostained to evaluate the distribution of neuronal nitric oxide synthase and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein immunoreactivity in the prefrontal cortex; the expression of oxytocin in the paraventricular nucleus; and the presence of c-Fos in the A2 group of the nucleus of the solitary tract. The main results obtained indicate that in weaned diet group the oxytocin activity is lower than in control diet and milk diet groups. In addition, weaning appears to stimulate myelination in the prefrontal cortex. In summary, this study supports the importance of maintaining a nutritional lifestyle similar to that occurring in natural conditions.
用于生产白犊牛肉的犊牛由于所接受的流食类型而遭受应激事件。应激反应由三个主要的应激反应性脑区介导：前额叶皮层、下丘脑室旁核和脑干孤束核。在本研究中，我们使用免疫组织化学方法研究了不同日粮对反刍动物这些脑区的影响。在本研究中，使用了15头犊牛，每5头犊牛饲养在一组圈舍系统中。它们被喂食三种不同的日粮：对照日粮、牛奶日粮和断奶日粮。对脑切片进行免疫染色，以评估前额叶皮层中神经元型一氧化氮合酶和髓鞘少突胶质细胞糖蛋白免疫反应性的分布；室旁核中催产素的表达；以及孤束核A2组中c-Fos的存在情况。获得的主要结果表明，断奶日粮组的催产素活性低于对照日粮组和牛奶日粮组。此外，断奶似乎会刺激前额叶皮层的髓鞘形成。总之，本研究支持了维持与自然条件下相似的营养生活方式的重要性。
