Haegele Justin A, Zhu Xihe
Department of Human Movement Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA.
Disabil Rehabil. 2021 Feb;43(4):530-536. doi: 10.1080/09638288.2019.1631397. Epub 2019 Jun 23.
The purpose of this study was to examine the relations between self-efficacy for exercise, physical activity, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in adults with visual impairments.
Adults with visual impairments were invited via email through two visual impairment organizations in the United States to complete four questionnaires: (a) the international physical activity questionnaire-short form, (b) the self-efficacy to exercise behaviors scale, (c) the medical outcomes study short form health survey, and (d) a demographic questionnaire. One hundred fifty-nine participants ( = 44.77) provided complete surveys for analyses. Data were analyzed using three components: (a) a descriptive analysis, (b) a confirmatory factor analysis, and (c) a test of a hypothesized structural model.
Both self-efficacy and HRQoL were tenable among this population with two item removals. Self-efficacy had a direct association ( = 0.26), and an indirect association ( = 0.17) with HRQoL which was mediated by participants' moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). MVPA was positively associated with psychological health ( = 0.17), but not with physical health.
The findings of this study suggest that self-efficacy can both directly and indirectly, through MVPA, influence HRQoL among adults with visual impairments. This study supports the utilization of self-efficacy based interventions to promote physical activity and thus impact HRQoL among adults with visual impairments.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONAdults with visual impairments tend to report lower health-related quality of life than peers without visual impairments.In this study, physical activity shows promise as an effective means to improving psychological health-related quality of life for adults with visual impairments.In this study, self-efficacy directly and indirectly, through physical activity, influences health-related quality of life for adults with visual impairments.Results support the utilization of self-efficacy based physical activity interventions to enhance physical activity and health-related quality of life among adults with visual impairments.
本研究旨在探讨视力受损成年人的运动自我效能、身体活动与健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）之间的关系。
通过电子邮件邀请美国两个视力障碍组织的成年视力障碍者完成四份问卷：（a）国际身体活动问卷简表；（b）运动行为自我效能量表；（c）医学结果研究简表健康调查；（d）一份人口统计学问卷。159名参与者（平均年龄 = 44.77岁）提供了完整的调查问卷用于分析。数据采用三个部分进行分析：（a）描述性分析；（b）验证性因素分析；（c）假设结构模型检验。
在去除两个项目后，自我效能和健康相关生活质量在该人群中均成立。自我效能与健康相关生活质量有直接关联（β = 0.26），并通过参与者的中度至剧烈身体活动（MVPA）产生间接关联（β = 0.17）。MVPA与心理健康呈正相关（β = 0.17），但与身体健康无关。
本研究结果表明，自我效能可以直接和通过MVPA间接影响视力受损成年人的健康相关生活质量。本研究支持利用基于自我效能的干预措施来促进身体活动，从而影响视力受损成年人的健康相关生活质量。
对康复的启示
视力受损成年人的健康相关生活质量往往低于没有视力障碍的同龄人。
在本研究中，身体活动有望成为改善视力受损成年人心理健康相关生活质量的有效手段。
在本研究中，自我效能通过身体活动直接和间接地影响视力受损成年人的健康相关生活质量。
结果支持利用基于自我效能的身体活动干预措施来提高视力受损成年人的身体活动和健康相关生活质量。
