a The Faculty of Health Sciences , Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Beer-Sheva , Israel.
Expert Rev Vaccines. 2019 Jun;18(6):641-661. doi: 10.1080/14760584.2019.1627207. Epub 2019 Jun 22.
: is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Widespread infant vaccination with pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) substantially reduced vaccine-serotype pneumococcal disease by direct protection of immunized children and indirect protection of the community via decreased nasopharyngeal carriage and transmission. Essential to grasping the public health implications of pediatric PCV immunization is an understanding of how PCV formulations impact carriage. : Using clinical evidence, this review examines how the immune response to PCVs is associated with subsequent nasopharyngeal carriage reduction in vaccinated infants and toddlers. By combining direct and indirect protection, carriage reduction results in a reduced spread of vaccine serotypes, and eventually, a decrease in vaccine serotype disease incidence in community members of all ages. : The current review presents some of the aspects that influence the overall impact of PCVs on vaccine-serotype carriage, and thus, spread. The link between reduction of vaccine-serotype carriage and the eventual reduction of vaccine-serotype disease in the wider community is described by comparing data from current PCVs, specifically with respect to their ability to reduce carriage of some cross-reacting serotypes (i.e. 6A versus 6B and 19A versus 19F).
肺炎是全球发病率和死亡率的主要原因。广泛使用肺炎球菌结合疫苗（PCV）对婴幼儿进行免疫接种，通过减少鼻咽携带和传播，直接保护免疫儿童，间接保护社区人群，大大降低了疫苗血清型肺炎球菌疾病。了解 PCV 疫苗接种对携带情况的影响对于掌握儿科 PCV 免疫接种的公共卫生意义至关重要。本综述利用临床证据，研究了 PCV 制剂对疫苗接种婴儿和幼儿随后鼻咽携带减少的免疫反应如何相关。通过结合直接和间接保护，携带减少导致疫苗血清型传播减少，最终导致所有年龄段社区成员中疫苗血清型疾病发病率降低。本综述介绍了一些影响 PCV 对疫苗血清型携带总体影响的因素，因此，也影响了传播。通过比较当前 PCV 的数据（特别是它们减少某些交叉反应性血清型（即 6A 与 6B 和 19A 与 19F）携带的能力），描述了疫苗血清型携带减少与更广泛社区中疫苗血清型疾病最终减少之间的联系。
