成瘾患者对图形警示标签评级的性别差异。
Sex Differences in Graphic Warning Label Ratings by Addictions Clients.
作者信息
Campbell Barbara K, Le Thao, Yip Deborah, Griffin Kayla B, Gubner Noah R, Guydish Joseph R
机构信息
OHSU/PSU School of Public Health, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239-3098, USA.
Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California San Francisco, 3333 California St., Ste. 265, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA.
出版信息
Tob Regul Sci. 2019 Jan;5(1):3-14. doi: 10.18001/TRS.5.1.1.
OBJECTIVES
Research on sex differences in responses to cigarette graphic warning labels (GWLs) has been limited despite tobacco-related, health disparities for women. We examined whether women had stronger responses to certain labels than to others, whether this pattern differed from men's, and whether there were overall sex ratings differences.
METHODS
Smokers (N = 881) in 24, addictions treatment programs rated 3 of 9 Food and Drug Administration-developed labels on credibility, message reactance, quit motivation, and negative emotions. Participants rated one label depicting a woman and/or baby, and 2 depicting tobacco-related disease or male images.
RESULTS
Women's (n = 432) ratings of labels depicting women/babies versus other labels did not differ from men's (n = 449) ratings. Women had higher ratings than men across all labels combined on credibility (p < .001), quit motivation (p = .007), and negative emotions (p < .001). Individual labels were analyzed for sex differences. Women's ratings were higher on credibility for 3 of 9 labels, and on negative emotions for 7 of 9 labels.
CONCLUSIONS
Female smokers in addictions treatment had generally stronger responses to GWLs than men, supporting GWL implementation in the United States to help close the sex gap in smoking cessation.
目的
尽管女性在烟草相关的健康方面存在差异，但针对香烟图形警示标签（GWLs）反应的性别差异研究仍然有限。我们研究了女性对某些标签的反应是否比对其他标签更强烈，这种模式是否与男性不同，以及是否存在总体性别评分差异。
方法
来自24个成瘾治疗项目的881名吸烟者对美国食品药品监督管理局制定的9个标签中的3个在可信度、信息反抗、戒烟动机和负面情绪方面进行评分。参与者对一个描绘女性和/或婴儿的标签，以及两个描绘烟草相关疾病或男性形象的标签进行评分。
结果
女性（n = 432）对描绘女性/婴儿的标签与其他标签的评分与男性（n = 449）的评分没有差异。在所有标签的综合评分中，女性在可信度（p < .001）、戒烟动机（p = .007）和负面情绪（p < .001）方面的评分高于男性。对单个标签进行性别差异分析。女性对9个标签中的3个在可信度方面的评分更高，对9个标签中的7个在负面情绪方面的评分更高。
结论
成瘾治疗中的女性吸烟者对GWLs的反应总体上比男性更强，这支持了在美国实施GWLs以帮助缩小戒烟方面的性别差距。
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