Chen Qi, Liu Zao-Xia
Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
J Ophthalmol. 2019 May 23;2019:7294952. doi: 10.1155/2019/7294952. eCollection 2019.
Vitreous anteroposterior traction is an important factor that affects macular hole (MH) formation at the early stage, and vitreous tangential traction can lead to further hole expansion after hole formation. Recent studies have highlighted the significance of Müller cells for the pathogenesis of MH. Since the advent of MH treatment, success rates for MH closure have significantly improved, as has postoperative visual acuity. However, metamorphopsia, an initial and common symptom of MH, still exists. Metamorphopsia is significantly related to the deterioration of visual quality of life and can be used as an independent index to evaluate visual function before and after surgery. In MH patients, metamorphopsia has different manifestations representing different clinical implications. M-CHARTS, as a new means of inspection, can quantify the degrees of metamorphopsia, and with the development of optical coherence tomography (OCT), layer-by-layer scanning of the retinal structure has become possible. These methods enable detailed analysis of the connections between the degree of metamorphopsia and relevant OCT parameters. Preoperative OCT parameters can be used to evaluate the prognosis of the postoperative visual function of MH patients and are therefore of great significance in guiding the treatment of MH patients.
玻璃体前后牵引是影响黄斑裂孔（MH）早期形成的重要因素，而玻璃体切向牵引可导致裂孔形成后裂孔进一步扩大。最近的研究强调了 Müller 细胞在 MH 发病机制中的重要性。自 MH 治疗出现以来，MH 闭合的成功率以及术后视力都有了显著提高。然而，视物变形作为 MH 的初始且常见症状仍然存在。视物变形与生活视觉质量的恶化显著相关，并且可以作为评估手术前后视觉功能的独立指标。在 MH 患者中，视物变形有不同表现，代表着不同的临床意义。M-CHARTS 作为一种新的检查手段，可以量化视物变形的程度，并且随着光学相干断层扫描（OCT）的发展，视网膜结构的逐层扫描已成为可能。这些方法能够详细分析视物变形程度与相关 OCT 参数之间的联系。术前 OCT 参数可用于评估 MH 患者术后视觉功能的预后，因此在指导 MH 患者的治疗方面具有重要意义。
