Wan Xia, Liu Qing, Dong Bei, Vibhakaran Pillai Sapna, Huang Feng-Hong, Singh Surinder P, Zhou Xue-Rong
1Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062 People's Republic of China.
2CSIRO Agriculture & Food, PO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia.
Biotechnol Biofuels. 2019 Jun 24;12:158. doi: 10.1186/s13068-019-1496-6. eCollection 2019.
With the increasing demand for vegetative oil and the approach of peak seed oil production, it is important to develop new oil production platforms from non-seed tissues. Castor bean () is one of the crops for vegetable oil for industrial applications with yield around 1.4 ton oil per hectare produced in seed. The castor caruncle is a non-seed tissue attached to seed.
Caruncle accumulates up to 40% oil by weight in the form of triacylglycerol (TAG), with a highly contrasting fatty acid composition when compared to the seed oil. Biochemical analysis indicated that the caruncle synthesizes TAGs independent of the seed. Such non-seed tissue has provided an excellent resource for understanding the mechanism of oil accumulation in tissues other than seeds. Transcriptome analysis revealed the key members of gene families involved in fatty acid synthesis and TAG assembly in the caruncle. A transient expression assay of these selected genes resulted in a 20-fold increased TAG accumulation in leaves.
Castor caruncle utilizes an independent system to synthesize TAGs. Results provide the possibility of exploiting caruncle gene set to engineer oil production in non-seed tissues or microbes.
随着对植物油需求的增加以及种子油产量峰值的临近，开发非种子组织的新油脂生产平台具有重要意义。蓖麻是用于工业应用的植物油作物之一，种子中每公顷产油量约为1.4吨。蓖麻种阜是附着在种子上的非种子组织。
种阜以三酰甘油（TAG）的形式积累高达40%（重量）的油脂，与种子油相比，其脂肪酸组成差异很大。生化分析表明，种阜独立于种子合成TAG。这种非种子组织为理解种子以外组织中油脂积累的机制提供了极好的资源。转录组分析揭示了参与种阜脂肪酸合成和TAG组装的基因家族的关键成员。对这些选定基因的瞬时表达分析导致叶片中TAG积累增加了20倍。
蓖麻种阜利用独立系统合成TAG。研究结果为利用种阜基因集在非种子组织或微生物中进行油脂生产工程改造提供了可能性。
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