Kent Christoph W, Lee Keunmin, Ward Helen C, Hong Je-Woo, Hong Jinkyu, Gatey David, Grimmond Sue
1Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6BB UK.
2Ecosystem-Atmosphere Process Laboratory, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722 Republic of Korea.
Urban Ecosyst. 2018;21(2):227-243. doi: 10.1007/s11252-017-0710-1. Epub 2017 Nov 27.
Local aerodynamic roughness parameters (zero-plane displacement, , and aerodynamic roughness length, ) are determined for an urban park and a suburban neighbourhood with a new morphometric parameterisation that includes vegetation. Inter-seasonal analysis at the urban park demonstrates determined with two anemometric methods is responsive to vegetation state and is 1-4 m greater during leaf-on periods. The seasonal change and directional variability in the magnitude of is reproduced by the morphometric methods, which also indicate can be more than halved during leaf-on periods. In the suburban neighbourhood during leaf-on, the anemometric and morphometric methods have similar directional variability for both and . Wind speeds at approximately 3 times the average roughness-element height are estimated most accurately when using a morphometric method which considers roughness-element height variability. Inclusion of vegetation in the morphometric parameterisation improves wind-speed estimation in all cases. Results indicate that the influence of both vegetation and roughness-element height variability are important for accurate determination of local aerodynamic parameters and the associated wind-speed estimates.
利用一种包含植被的新形态测量参数化方法，确定了城市公园和郊区社区的局部空气动力学粗糙度参数（零平面位移、 ，以及空气动力学粗糙度长度， ）。城市公园的季节间分析表明，用两种风速测量方法确定的 在叶期对植被状态有响应，且在叶期比无叶期大1 - 4米。形态测量方法再现了 大小的季节变化和方向变异性，这也表明在叶期 可以减半以上。在叶期的郊区社区，风速测量和形态测量方法对 和 的方向变异性相似。当使用考虑粗糙度单元高度变异性的形态测量方法时，在大约平均粗糙度单元高度3倍处的风速估计最为准确。在形态测量参数化中纳入植被在所有情况下都能改善风速估计。结果表明，植被和粗糙度单元高度变异性对准确确定局部空气动力学参数及相关风速估计都很重要。
