Wamboldt M Z, Gelhard R E, Insel T R
Section on Comparative Brain and Behavior, National Institute of Mental Mental Health, Poolesville, Maryland 20837.
Dev Psychobiol. 1988 Mar;21(2):187-202. doi: 10.1002/dev.420210207.
This paper describes a three-part study of the parenting behaviors of 6 family groups of Cebuella pygmaea (pygmy marmosets). In the first part, the parenting patterns of undisturbed family groups housed under laboratory conditions were scored throughout the first 10 weeks following the birth of their second infant(s). To further investigate the role of infant age in determining parental behavior, caretaking patterns were studied after a brief separation of infants of varying ages from their families. Finally, an unrelated infant, age 1-5 weeks, was placed inside the home cage of each family, and caretaking of this novel infant was scored. The main findings that emerged from the study were: (1) sex differences in carrying the infants were dependent upon the age of the infant, i.e., adult females were the predominant carriers of infants less than or equal to 3 weeks of age and males (either adult or juvenile) the main carriers for infants greater than 3 weeks of age; (2) some caretaking behaviors, e.g., grooming and protective retrieval, were performed predominantly by the adult females throughout infancy; and (3) the relatedness of the infant, i.e., one's own vs. another's, appeared to primarily affect the behavior of adult females. In general, experimental manipulations confirmed results of the observational part of the study and thus may be useful paradigms for testing specific hypotheses about parental behaviors.
本文描述了对6个侏狨（侏儒狨猴）家庭群体育儿行为的三部分研究。在第一部分中，对饲养在实验室条件下的未受干扰家庭群体在其第二胎出生后的前10周内的育儿模式进行了评分。为了进一步研究婴儿年龄在决定父母行为中的作用，在将不同年龄的婴儿与其家庭短暂分离后，对照顾模式进行了研究。最后，将一只1至5周大的非亲属婴儿放入每个家庭的饲养笼中，并对照顾这只陌生婴儿的情况进行评分。该研究得出的主要结果如下：（1）携带婴儿的性别差异取决于婴儿的年龄，即成年雌性是3周龄及以下婴儿的主要携带者，而雄性（成年或幼年）是3周龄以上婴儿的主要携带者；（2）一些照顾行为，如梳理毛发和保护性找回，在整个婴儿期主要由成年雌性进行；（3）婴儿的亲属关系，即自己的婴儿与他人的婴儿，似乎主要影响成年雌性的行为。总体而言，实验操作证实了研究观察部分的结果，因此可能是检验关于父母行为的特定假设的有用范例。
