Department of Zoology and Anthropology, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, 949 74, Nitra, Slovakia.
Department of Botany and Genetics, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, 949 74, Nitra, Slovakia.
BMC Pharmacol Toxicol. 2019 Jul 1;20(1):38. doi: 10.1186/s40360-019-0317-7.
This study aimed to examine femoral bone microstructure of mice after single and simultaneous administration to acrylamide and ethanol since both substances are often consumed separately and/or together by humans. Interactive effects of these toxins were analysed after one remodeling cycle.
Twenty clinically healthy adult mice were randomly divided into four groups following 2 weeks administration of toxins: A group - mice were fed with acrylamide (40 mg/kg bw); E group - mice were ethanol-fed (15% ethanol); AE group - mice were simultaneously fed with both toxins, and a C group - control (without acrylamide and/or ethanol supplementation). Generally, 2D and 3D imaging methods were used to determine cortical and trabecular bone tissues microstructure. Biochemical analyses of plasma parameters were also realized using commercially available ELISA tests and spectrophotometrically.
Single and simultaneous exposure to acrylamide and ethanol affected only cortical bone microstructure. No significant changes in trabecular bone morphometry were detected among all groups. In mice from the A group, increased endocortical remodeling associated with a higher level of serum calcium and vasoconstriction of primary osteon's vascular canals (POVC) were identified. On the contrary, increased cortical porosity consistent with a decreased relative bone volume, bone mineral density (BMD) and lower levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), glutathione (GSH), calcium in plasma and also with vasodilation of POVC were observed in the E group. In the AE group, the highest density of secondary osteons associated with a lower BMD and decreased levels of ALP, GSH were documented. The parameters of POVC and Haversian canals approximated to the C group. In addition, single and simultaneous exposure to both toxins caused liver disease consistent with a higher values of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in plasma of all experimental groups.
Single administration to acrylamide and ethanol had negative effects on cortical bone structure of mice after one remodeling cycle. However, we identified possible antagonistic impact of these toxins on the structure of the cortical bone.
本研究旨在研究单次和同时给予丙烯酰胺和乙醇后小鼠股骨骨微观结构，因为这两种物质经常被人类单独或同时摄入。在一个重塑周期后分析了这些毒素的相互作用效应。
20 只临床健康成年小鼠在接受毒素 2 周后，随机分为 4 组：A 组 - 给予丙烯酰胺（40mg/kg bw）；E 组 - 乙醇喂养（15%乙醇）；AE 组 - 同时给予两种毒素，C 组 - 对照组（无丙烯酰胺和/或乙醇补充）。通常使用 2D 和 3D 成像方法来确定皮质和小梁骨组织的微观结构。还使用商业上可用的 ELISA 测试和分光光度法对血浆参数的生化分析进行了研究。
丙烯酰胺和乙醇的单独和同时暴露仅影响皮质骨微观结构。所有组之间均未检测到小梁骨形态计量学的显着变化。在 A 组的小鼠中，发现了与血清钙水平升高相关的内皮层重塑和原发性骨单位血管（POVC）的血管收缩。相反，在 E 组中观察到皮质骨孔隙率增加，与相对骨体积减少、骨矿物质密度（BMD）降低以及碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、谷胱甘肽（GSH）、血浆中钙水平降低以及 POVC 的血管舒张有关。在 AE 组中，记录到与较低的 BMD 和降低的 ALP、GSH 水平相关的次级骨单位密度最高。POVC 和哈弗氏管的参数接近 C 组。此外，丙烯酰胺和乙醇的单独和同时暴露导致了与所有实验组血浆丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）升高一致的肝病。
单次给予丙烯酰胺和乙醇对小鼠重塑周期后皮质骨结构有负面影响。然而，我们发现这些毒素对皮质骨结构可能具有拮抗作用。
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