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Eftud2 基因(MFDM 病致病基因)功能丧失突变导致小鼠胚胎着床前阻滞。

Loss of function mutation of Eftud2, the gene responsible for mandibulofacial dysostosis with microcephaly (MFDM), leads to pre-implantation arrest in mouse.

机构信息

Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.

McGill University Health Centre at Glen Site, Montreal, QC, Canada.

出版信息

PLoS One. 2019 Jul 5;14(7):e0219280. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219280. eCollection 2019.


DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0219280
PMID:31276534
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6611600/
Abstract

Mutations in EFTUD2 are responsible for the autosomal dominant syndrome named MFDM (mandibulofacial dysostosis with microcephaly). However, it is not clear how reduced levels of EFTUD2 cause abnormalities associated with this syndrome. To determine if the mouse can serve as a model for uncovering the etiology of abnormalities found in MFDM patients, we used in situ hybridization to characterize expression of Eftud2 during mouse development, and used CRISPR/Cas9 to generate a mutant mouse line with deletion of exon 2 of the mouse gene. We found that Eftud2 was expressed throughout embryonic development, though its expression was enriched in the developing head and craniofacial regions. Additionally, Eftud2 heterozygous mutant embryos had reduced EFTUD2 mRNA and protein levels. Moreover, Eftud2 heterozygous embryos were born at the expected Mendelian frequency, and were viable and fertile despite being developmentally delayed. In contrast, Eftud2 homozygous mutant embryos were not found post-implantation but were present at the expected Mendelian frequency at embryonic day (E) 3.5. Furthermore, only wild-type and heterozygous E3.5 embryos survived ex vivo culture. Our data indicate that Eftud2 expression is enriched in the precusor of structures affected in MFDM patients and show that heterozygous mice carrying deletion of exon 2 do not model MFDM. In addition, we uncovered a requirement for normal levels of Eftud2 for survival of pre-implantation zygotes.

摘要

EFTUD2 基因突变导致常染色体显性遗传综合征,称为 MFDM(下颌面骨发育不全伴小头畸形)。然而,EFTUD2 水平降低如何导致与该综合征相关的异常尚不清楚。为了确定小鼠是否可以作为揭示 MFDM 患者异常病因的模型,我们使用原位杂交技术在小鼠发育过程中对 Eftud2 的表达进行了特征描述,并使用 CRISPR/Cas9 技术生成了一个缺失小鼠基因外显子 2 的突变小鼠系。我们发现 Eftud2 在整个胚胎发育过程中都有表达,尽管其表达在发育中的头部和颅面区域富集。此外,Eftud2 杂合突变胚胎的 EFTUD2 mRNA 和蛋白水平降低。此外,Eftud2 杂合突变胚胎以预期的孟德尔频率出生,尽管发育迟缓,但仍具有活力和生育能力。相比之下,Eftud2 纯合突变胚胎在植入后没有发现,但在胚胎第 3.5 天(E)以预期的孟德尔频率存在。此外,只有野生型和杂合型 E3.5 胚胎在体外培养中存活。我们的数据表明,Eftud2 表达在 MFDM 患者受影响结构的前体中富集,并表明携带外显子 2 缺失的杂合子小鼠不能模拟 MFDM。此外,我们发现正常水平的 Eftud2 对于植入前受精卵的存活是必需的。

相似文献

[1]
Loss of function mutation of Eftud2, the gene responsible for mandibulofacial dysostosis with microcephaly (MFDM), leads to pre-implantation arrest in mouse.

PLoS One. 2019-7-5

[2]
Mandibulofacial Dysostosis with Microcephaly: Mutation and Database Update.

Hum Mutat. 2016-2

[3]
Mandibulofacial dysostosis with microcephaly: An expansion of the phenotype via parental survey.

Am J Med Genet A. 2021-2

[4]
Array-CGH is an effective first-tier diagnostic test for EFTUD2-associated congenital mandibulofacial dysostosis with microcephaly.

Clin Genet. 2015

[5]
A novel de novo missense mutation in EFTUD2 identified by whole-exome sequencing in mandibulofacial dysostosis with microcephaly.

J Clin Lab Anal. 2022-5

[6]
A de novo start-loss in associated with mandibulofacial dysostosis with microcephaly: case report.

Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud. 2022-6

[7]
A de novo synonymous variant in EFTUD2 disrupts normal splicing and causes mandibulofacial dysostosis with microcephaly: case report.

BMC Med Genet. 2020-9-17

[8]
Radioulnar Synostosis and Brain Abnormalities in a Patient With 17q21.31 Microdeletion Involving EFTUD2.

Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2015-3

[9]
Atypical mandibulofacial dysostosis with microcephaly diagnosed through the identification of a novel pathogenic mutation in EFTUD2.

Mol Genet Genomic Med. 2024-4

[10]
Haploinsufficiency of a spliceosomal GTPase encoded by EFTUD2 causes mandibulofacial dysostosis with microcephaly.

Am J Hum Genet. 2012-2-2

引用本文的文献

[1]
A novel splicing variant causing mandibulofacial dysostosis with microcephaly: a case report.

Transl Pediatr. 2025-6-27

[2]
LncRNA CA13/EFTUD2/CA13 caused crossed beak by regulating the mandibular calcification in chicken.

Poult Sci. 2025-5-28

[3]
EFTUD2 Regulates Cortical Morphogenesis via Modulation of Caspase-3 and Aifm1 Splicing Pathways.

Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025-8

[4]
Addressing the tissue specificity of U5 snRNP spliceosomopathies.

Front Cell Dev Biol. 2025-4-8

[5]
Spliceosome protein EFTUD2: A potential pathogenetic factor in tumorigenesis and some developmental defects (Review).

Mol Med Rep. 2025-5

[6]
Dual diagnosis of achondroplasia and mandibulofacial dysostosis with microcephaly.

BMC Med Genomics. 2024-9-6

[7]
The Spliceosome Factor EFTUD2 Promotes IFN Anti-HBV Effect through mRNA Splicing.

Mediators Inflamm. 2023

[8]
Alternative pre-mRNA splicing as a mechanism for terminating Toll-like Receptor signaling.

Front Immunol. 2022

[9]
The emerging significance of splicing in vertebrate development.

Development. 2022-10-1

[10]
Craniofacial Defects in Embryos with Homozygous Deletion of in Their Neural Crest Cells Are Not Rescued by Deletion.

Int J Mol Sci. 2022-8-12

本文引用的文献

[1]
Mandibulofacial dysostosis Guion-Almeida type caused by novel EFTUD2 splice site variants in two Asian children.

Clin Dysmorphol. 2018-4

[2]
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice with heterozygous mutation in TMED2.

PLoS One. 2017-8-10

[3]
Whole-exome sequencing identified a variant in EFTUD2 gene in establishing a genetic diagnosis.

Orthod Craniofac Res. 2017-6

[4]
The Genetics Journey: A Case Report of a Genetic Diagnosis Made 30 Years Later.

J Genet Couns. 2017-10

[5]
Genome Editing in hPSCs Reveals GATA6 Haploinsufficiency and a Genetic Interaction with GATA4 in Human Pancreatic Development.

Cell Stem Cell. 2017-5-4

[6]
Spliceosomal protein eftud2 mutation leads to p53-dependent apoptosis in zebrafish neural progenitors.

Nucleic Acids Res. 2017-4-7

[7]
Mandibulofacial dysostosis with microcephaly: A case presenting with seizures.

Brain Dev. 2017-2

[8]
Mandibulofacial Dysostosis with Microcephaly: Mutation and Database Update.

Hum Mutat. 2016-2

[9]
Creating reference gene annotation for the mouse C57BL6/J genome assembly.

Mamm Genome. 2015-10

[10]
EFTUD2 deficiency in vertebrates: Identification of a novel human mutation and generation of a zebrafish model.

Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol. 2015-7

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