实时 PCR 检测来自意大利南部野猪（Sus scrofa）组织样本中的弓形虫，结果显示高流行率和寄生虫载量。

Real-time PCR detection of Toxoplasma gondii in tissue samples of wild boars (Sus scrofa) from southern Italy reveals high prevalence and parasite load.

机构信息

Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, 80055, Portici, Italy.

Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", 80137, Naples, Italy.

出版信息

Parasit Vectors. 2019 Jul 5;12(1):335. doi: 10.1186/s13071-019-3586-5.

DOI:10.1186/s13071-019-3586-5

PMID:31277688

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6610950/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii, a widespread protozoan in the phylum Apicomplexa. In Europe, several studies have demonstrated the presence of the parasite in tissues of wild boars (Sus scrofa), but no data exists on the T. gondii load in tissues which in turn may be an useful way to assess the infection risk for the consumer of wild boar meat.

METHODS

We sampled and tested a total of 472 tissue samples of brain, heart and masseter muscle from 177 wild boars from the Campania region of southern Italy by real-time PCR analyses for detection and quantification of T. gondii. The sensitivity and specificity of the method were calculated by ROC analysis curves.

RESULTS

PCR analysis revealed the presence of T. gondii in tissue samples of 78 out of 177 (44%) wild boars. In general, the brain presented the highest PCR prevalence (31%), followed by the heart (28.3%) and the masseter muscle (24.2%), with the highest estimated parasite numbers observed in the brain followed by the heart and masseter muscle. The PCR method showed an excellent discriminating ability for each of the examined tissues. According to the ROC analysis curves, the respective sensitivity and specificity were 99 and 100% for masseter muscle, 98 and 98% for brain and 96 and 98% for heart samples.

CONCLUSIONS

The high prevalence of infection here detected suggests a widespread distribution of the parasite in the wildlife of the Campania region of southern Italy. The T. gondii burdens detected may potentially represent a source of infection for humans.

摘要

背景

弓形虫病是一种由刚地弓形虫引起的人畜共患寄生虫病，刚地弓形虫是顶复门的一种广泛存在的原生动物。在欧洲，几项研究表明寄生虫存在于野猪（Sus scrofa）的组织中，但目前尚无关于组织中弓形虫负荷的数据，而这可能是评估食用野猪肉的消费者感染风险的一种有用方法。

方法

我们通过实时 PCR 分析检测了来自意大利南部坎帕尼亚地区的 177 头野猪共 472 个脑、心和咬肌组织样本，以检测和定量 T. gondii。通过 ROC 分析曲线计算了该方法的灵敏度和特异性。

结果

PCR 分析显示，在 177 头野猪中有 78 头（44%）的组织样本中存在 T. gondii。总体而言，大脑的 PCR 阳性率最高（31%），其次是心脏（28.3%）和咬肌（24.2%），大脑中观察到的寄生虫数量最高，其次是心脏和咬肌。PCR 方法对每种检查组织均具有出色的鉴别能力。根据 ROC 分析曲线，咬肌的灵敏度和特异性分别为 99%和 100%，大脑为 98%和 98%，心脏为 96%和 98%。