Dept. of Sustainable Development, Environmental Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 10B, SE-10044, Stockholm, Sweden.
Dept. of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7050, SE-75007, Uppsala, Sweden.
J Environ Manage. 2019 Sep 15;246:920-928. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.05.137. Epub 2019 Jul 4.
A bench-scale column experiment was performed to study the removal of 31 selected organic micropollutants (MPs) and phosphorus by lignite, xyloid lignite (Xylit), granular activated carbon (GAC), Polonite and sand over a period of 12 weeks. In total 29 out of the 31 MPs showed removal efficiency >90% by GAC with an average removal of 97 ± 6%. Xylit and lignite were less efficient with an average removal of 80 ± 28% and 68 ± 29%, respectively. The removal efficiency was found to be impacted by the characterization of the sorbents and physicochemical properties of the compounds, as well as the interaction between the sorbents and compounds. For instance, Xylit and lignite performed well for relatively hydrophobic (log octanol/water partition coefficient (K) ≥3) MPs, while the removal efficiency of moderately hydrophilic, highly hydrophilic and negatively charged MPs were lower. The organic sorbents were found to have more functional groups at their surfaces, which might explain the higher adsorption of MPs to these sorbents. The removal of several MPs improved after four weeks in sand, Xylit, GAC and lignite which may be related to increased biological activity and biofilm development. GAC and sand had limited ability to remove phosphorus (12 ± 27% and 14 ± 2%, respectively), while the calcium-silicate material Polonite precipitated phosphorus efficiently and increased the total phosphorus removal from 12% to 96% after the GAC filter.
进行了一项中试规模的柱实验，以研究在 12 周的时间内，褐煤、木质褐煤（Xylit）、颗粒活性炭（GAC）、Polonite 和沙子对 31 种选定的有机微污染物（MPs）和磷的去除效果。总共有 29 种 MPs 通过 GAC 的去除效率超过 90%，平均去除率为 97%±6%。Xylit 和褐煤的去除效率较低，分别为 80%±28%和 68%±29%。发现去除效率受到吸附剂的特性和化合物的物理化学性质以及吸附剂和化合物之间的相互作用的影响。例如，Xylit 和褐煤对相对疏水性（log 辛醇/水分配系数（K）≥3）的 MPs 去除效果较好，而对中等亲水性、高亲水性和带负电荷的 MPs 的去除效率较低。有机吸附剂在其表面具有更多的官能团，这可能解释了这些吸附剂对 MPs 的更高吸附能力。在沙子、Xylit、GAC 和褐煤中，经过四周后，几种 MPs 的去除效果得到了改善，这可能与生物活性和生物膜的发展增加有关。GAC 和沙子去除磷的能力有限（分别为 12%±27%和 14%±2%），而钙-硅酸盐材料 Polonite 则能有效地沉淀磷，使 GAC 过滤器后的总磷去除率从 12%提高到 96%。
