Almansory Karar O, Fraioli Francesco
Specialist Registrar, Institute of Nuclear Medicine, University College London Hospitals, London NW1 2BU.
Consultant Radiologist and Nuclear Medicine Physician, Institute of Nuclear Medicine, University College London Hospitals, London.
Br J Hosp Med (Lond). 2019 Jul 2;80(7):380-386. doi: 10.12968/hmed.2019.80.7.380.
Gliomas are the most common primary brain tumours in children and adults, consisting of a heterogeneous group of neoplastic diseases arise from the supporting cells of the CNS (glial cells). Their histopathological and molecular characteristics vary considerably as do their management and prognosis. Conventional gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is considered the primary imaging modality for initial work up and follow up of patients with gliomas, although it has some limitations, especially in differentiating high from low grade tumours and in distinguishing disease recurrence from post-therapy changes. Hybrid positron emission tomography (PET)/MRI is a relatively novel tool that combines MRI sequences with metabolic information from PET, and therefore different PET radiotracers, in a single scan. This article discusses the main advantages and disadvantages of combined PET/MRI compared to other conventional or more widely available imaging tools, such as MRI or combined positron emission tomography-computed tomography. The main uses of PET/MRI and the most commonly used PET radiotracers in providing diagnostic, prognostic and predictive information in patients with glioma are covered.
神经胶质瘤是儿童和成人中最常见的原发性脑肿瘤，由一组异质性肿瘤疾病组成，起源于中枢神经系统的支持细胞（神经胶质细胞）。它们的组织病理学和分子特征差异很大，其治疗和预后也是如此。传统的钆增强磁共振成像（MRI）被认为是神经胶质瘤患者初始检查和随访的主要成像方式，尽管它有一些局限性，特别是在区分高级别和低级别肿瘤以及区分疾病复发与治疗后改变方面。混合正电子发射断层扫描（PET）/MRI是一种相对新颖的工具，它在一次扫描中将MRI序列与来自PET的代谢信息以及不同的PET放射性示踪剂相结合。本文讨论了与其他传统或更广泛使用的成像工具（如MRI或正电子发射断层扫描-计算机断层扫描联用）相比，PET/MRI联用的主要优缺点。涵盖了PET/MRI的主要用途以及在为神经胶质瘤患者提供诊断、预后和预测信息时最常用的PET放射性示踪剂。
