Krantz D S, Raisen S E
Department of Medical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-4799.
Br J Med Psychol. 1988 Mar;61(1):3-16. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8341.1988.tb02762.x.
This article provides an overview of work in two areas of biobehavioural research: the effects of environmental stress and the role of psychophysiologic reactivity in the development of ischaemic heart disease. Attention is given first to evidence that low socio-economic status, low social support, and occupational settings characterized by high demands and low levels of control over the job are associated with increased coronary risk. Also discussed is a promising animal primate model of social stress and its role in development of coronary atherosclerosis. Next, we discuss physiological responsiveness (reactivity) to emotional stress, which is being studied as a marker of processes involved in the development of cardiovascular disease. Stress and psychophysiological reactivity constitute promising targets for research on biobehavioural antecedents of coronary disease and for clinical intervention studies. However, further evidence is needed before these variables can be regarded as proven coronary risk factors.
环境压力的影响以及心理生理反应性在缺血性心脏病发展中的作用。首先关注的是以下证据：社会经济地位低、社会支持少以及工作要求高且对工作控制程度低的职业环境与冠心病风险增加有关。还讨论了一种有前景的社会压力灵长类动物模型及其在冠状动脉粥样硬化发展中的作用。接下来，我们讨论对情绪压力的生理反应性（反应），它正作为心血管疾病发展过程的一个标志物进行研究。压力和心理生理反应性是冠心病生物行为先兆研究和临床干预研究的有前景的目标。然而，在这些变量被视为已证实的冠心病风险因素之前，还需要更多证据。
