Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, CS 80699, F-62228, Calais Cedex, France.
Arvalis-Institut du Végétal, Station expérimentale de Boigneville, F-91720 Boigneville, France.
Phytopathology. 2019 Dec;109(12):2033-2045. doi: 10.1094/PHYTO-03-19-0075-R. Epub 2019 Oct 15.
The induction of plant defense mechanisms by resistance inducers is an attractive and innovative alternative to reduce the use of fungicides on wheat against , the responsible agent of Septoria tritici blotch (STB). Under controlled conditions, we investigated the resistance induction in three wheat cultivars with different susceptible levels to STB as a response to a treatment with a sulfur, manganese sulfate, and protein-based resistance inducer (NECTAR Céréales). While no direct antigermination effect of the product was observed in planta, more than 50% reduction of both symptoms and sporulation were recorded on the three tested cultivars. However, an impact of the wheat genotype on resistance induction was highlighted, which affects host penetration, cell colonization, and the production of cell-wall degrading enzymes by the fungus. Moreover, in the most susceptible cultivar Alixan, the product upregulated , , , and gene expression in both noninoculated and inoculated plants and in noninoculated plants only. In contrast, defense responses induced in Altigo, the most resistant cultivar, seem to be more specifically mediated by the phenylpropanoid pathway in noninoculated as well as inoculated plants, since and were most specifically upregulated in this cultivar. In Premio, the moderate resistant cultivar, NECTAR Céréales elicits mainly the octadecanoid pathway, and induction in noninoculated plants. We concluded that this complex resistance-inducing product protects wheat against by stimulating the cultivar-dependent plant defense mechanisms.
通过使用抗性诱导剂来诱导植物防御机制是一种有吸引力和创新性的替代方法，可以减少小麦对叶斑病（STB）的杀菌剂使用。在受控条件下，我们研究了三种对 STB 易感性不同的小麦品种对硫、硫酸锰和蛋白质基抗性诱导剂（NECTAR Céréales）处理的抗性诱导。虽然该产品在植物体内没有直接的抗发芽作用，但在三种测试品种上，症状和孢子形成都减少了 50%以上。然而，小麦基因型对抗性诱导的影响被强调，这影响了宿主穿透、细胞定殖以及真菌产生细胞壁降解酶的能力。此外，在最易感的品种 Alixan 中，该产品在未接种和接种植物中均上调了 、 、 和 基因的表达，而仅在未接种植物中上调 基因的表达。相比之下，在最具抗性的 Altigo 品种中诱导的防御反应似乎更受苯丙烷途径的特异性调节，因为在该品种中 和 被特异性上调。在中抗品种 Premio 中，NECTAR Céréales 主要诱导十八烷酸途径，在未接种植物中诱导 和 的表达。我们得出结论，这种复杂的诱导抗性的产品通过刺激品种依赖性的植物防御机制来保护小麦免受 的侵害。
