Research Center for Health Promotion, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35 (L), 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland.
Department of Teacher Education, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
Int J Public Health. 2019 Dec;64(9):1301-1311. doi: 10.1007/s00038-019-01280-7. Epub 2019 Jul 12.
We examined the associations between adolescents' health assets and various health indicators (smoking, alcohol use, sleep length, physical activity, healthy eating, oral health, self-reported health, multiple health complaints).
A nationally representative sample was drawn from Finnish-speaking schools, comprising 13- and 15-year-old adolescents (n = 3833). The measures taken covered the adolescents' health assets, which were labelled Family-financial, Psychological, Family-social, Friends-social, School-social, and Human. Our analysis applied two-step cluster analysis and multilevel mixed-effects binary logistic regression.
Six asset profiles were identified: 'Limited in most assets, despite medium affluence', 'Mostly average assets, but low affluence', 'Mostly average assets, though high affluence', 'Mostly above average assets', 'Rich in most assets', and 'Rich in all assets'. There were significant differences between the profiles in terms of risk level and desirable level health outcomes.
Adolescents differ in their asset profiles. Having multiple health assets appears to protect adolescents from risky behaviour or poor health, and to promote positive health. There is a need for health initiatives to develop a range of health-protecting and health-promoting assets, rather than focus on only one.
本研究旨在探讨青少年健康资产与多种健康指标（吸烟、饮酒、睡眠时长、体力活动、健康饮食、口腔健康、自感健康、多种健康抱怨）之间的关联。
本研究从芬兰语学校中抽取了具有全国代表性的样本，其中包括 13 岁和 15 岁的青少年（n=3833）。所采取的措施涵盖了青少年的健康资产，这些资产被标记为家庭经济、心理、家庭社会、朋友社会、学校社会和人类。本研究采用两步聚类分析和多层次混合效应二项逻辑回归进行分析。
共确定了 6 种资产特征：“尽管中等富裕，但大多数资产有限”、“大多数资产平均，但经济不富裕”、“大多数资产平均，但经济富裕”、“大多数资产高于平均水平”、“拥有大多数资产”和“拥有所有资产”。这些特征在风险水平和理想健康结果方面存在显著差异。
青少年的资产特征存在差异。拥有多种健康资产似乎可以保护青少年免受危险行为或不良健康的影响，并促进健康。健康倡议需要制定一系列保护健康和促进健康的资产，而不是只关注一种资产。
